枣树良种‘玉玲铛’品种特性及丰产栽培技术
2021-06-16陈雷史良滕华容赵伟
陈雷 史良 滕华容 赵伟
摘 要:‘玉铃铛枣是我市经良种选优培育而成的优良乡土枣树良种,其树势健壮,适应性强,结果早,丰产稳产特性突出。枣果个大,口感酥脆,品质优,营养丰富,是安徽省“十二五”期间通过的国家审定唯一林木新品种。详细介绍了玉铃铛枣树品种的生长结果特性,主要丰产栽培技术,以期为我市及周边地区脱贫致富和林业产业发展,打造区域特色经济产品,助力乡村振兴提供有力技术支持。
关键词:‘玉铃铛枣;丰产栽培;管理措施
文章编号:2096-8108(2021)03-0090-05 中图分类号:S665.1 文献标识码:A
Varietal Characteristics and High Yield Cultivation
Technique of Jujube Cultivar ‘Yulingdang
CHEN Lei1,SHI Liang2,TENG Huarong1,ZHAO Wei1
(1.Fuyang Forestry Scientific and Technical Advice Station,Anhui Province, Fuyang 236000, China;
2. Forestry Technical Advice Center of Yingquan District,Anhui Province,Fuyang 236000,China)
Abstract:‘Yulingdang jujube is an excellent local jujube cultivar bred by excellent cultivars selection in our city. It has strong tree vigor, strong adaptability, early bearing and outstanding characteristics of high and stable yield. Jujube fruit is large, crisp taste, good quality, rich nutrition. It is the only new tree cultivar approved by the state during the “Twelfth Five Year Plan” period in Anhui Province, the growth and fruiting characteristics of Yulingdang jujube cultivars, the main high-yield cultivation techniques and management measures were introduced in detail, in order to provide strong technical support for poverty alleviation and forestry industry development, creating economic products with regional characteristics, and helping rural revitalization.
Keywords:‘Yulingdang jujube; high yield cultivation; management measure
‘玉铃铛枣是经我市乡土枣树品种长期自然选择和人工栽培基础上,经过林业专业人员的对比筛选和品种优化而精心培育的优良林木品种。该品种2013年通过国家林业局植物新品种审查,2016年通过国家林业局林木品种委员会审定,并授予林木良种证书。2018年、2019年,‘玉铃铛枣丰产栽培技术推广相继列入中央财政林业科技推广示范项目计划,并于2018年在栽培技术管理上取得新突破,产量和果实品质取得显著提高,极大地带动阜阳及周边人们发展枣产业的积极性。2019年,‘玉铃铛枣树苗木远销山东、河南及本省池州、淮北等地,为农民脱贫致富和乡村振兴提供了坚实的物质基础。
1 ‘玉铃铛枣的品种特性
1.1 结果特性
‘玉铃铛枣结果早,丰产性强,花期可长达45 d左右,稳产性好。一般大苗建园,当年挂果率可达45%~60%,嫁接改良换头,当年挂果率可达30%~50%。成形大树,采用开甲等丰产措施,可年年开花、年年丰产。……
