陈东帆 王恒民 周琪峰 陈圣棣

摘  要 自闭症谱系障碍以社会交往沟通障碍、局限兴趣刻板行为为两大核心症状，是一种广泛性发展障碍。目前自闭症的发病机制尚不明确，不可治愈，需要终生康复，长期的干预训练是治疗的最佳手段。整合信息技术和干预训练手段，研究困扰康复行业许久的自闭症儿童社会性行为障碍评估技术和干预课程，发展自闭症干预技术体系。遵循“医教结合、文理结合、理论与实践相结合”原则，通过“1试点+10基地+100案例”模式，筛选自闭症儿童被试进行干预训练和跟踪测量，开展基于教育机器人的自闭症儿童康复干预实验。使用机器学习技术，建立自闭症儿童社交障碍敏感指标数据模型，预测康复进程，提供康复建议。基于机器人技术的自闭症儿童社交能力评估与训练方法，可以惠及全国边远地区的自闭症儿童，解放自闭症儿童家庭生产力，为实现“人人享有康复服务”的国家目标而努力。

关键词 自闭症谱系障碍；人形机器人；自闭症儿童；社交能力

中图分类号：G766    文献标识码：B

文章编号：1671-489X（2021）14-0040-04

Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorder has two core symptoms： social communication and limited interest and stereotyped behaviors， which is a widespread developmental disorder. At present， the cause of autism is not clear， it is incurable and requires life-long rehabilita-tion. Long-term intervention training is the best treatment. This re-search project integrates information technology and intervention training methods， and to study the assessment techniques and inter-vention courses for social behaviour disorder of children with autism that have troubled the rehabilitation industry for a long time to development of autism intervention technology system. Follows the principle of “combination of medicine and education， combination of arts and science， and combination of theory and practice”， through the “1 pilot + 10 bases + 100 cases” model， we screened children with autism for intervention training and tracking measurement， and carried out rehabilitation intervention experiments for children with autism based on educational robots. Use machine learning to estab-lish a data model of sensitive indicators of social disorders in child-ren with autism， predict their rehabilitation process， provide rehabi-litation recommendations. Benefit disabled children in remote rural and poor areas across the country， liberate family productivity of special children， and achieve the national goal of “Rehabilitation Services for all” and efforts to win the battle against poverty.

Key words autism spectrum disorder; humanoid robot; children with autism; social ability

0  引言

自閉症谱系障碍（Autism Spectrum Disorder，ASD）又称孤独症，以社会交流障碍、狭隘兴趣以及重复和刻板行为为两大核心症状，是一种广泛性精神发育障碍。目前，自闭症病因尚未明确，病程可持续一生，需要终生学习和干预。美国疾控中心2020年最新发布的自闭症发病率数据显示：美国自闭症（谱系）障碍儿童的发病率已高达1/54，相较2018年的1/59增加近10%。由此可见，美国的自闭症谱系障碍发病率持续上升。……