“做思共生”教科学的价值取向与实践策略
2021-05-27顾长明
顾长明
摘 要 儿童学科学应是边动手边动脑的学习状态,这种手脑并用的方式正是“做思共生”的体现。在教科学的过程中,通过明确“做思共生”的价值取向和实践策略来更好地达到教学目的。“做思共生”不仅符合儿童身心发展的需求,也契合小学科学的特质,通过这来完善教学活动能够让学生在“做”与“思”中不断成长、发展。
关键词 “做思共生” 小学科学 价值取向 实践策略
中图分类号:G424 文献标识码:A DOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkx.2021.02.012
The Value Orientation and Practice
Strategy of “Doing Thinking Symbiosis” Teaching Science
GU Changming
(Education and Research Office of Lianyungang Education Bureau, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000)
Abstract: Children's subject learning should be a learning state of using both hands and brain. This way of using both hands and brain is the embodiment of "symbiosis of doing and thinking". In the process of teaching science, we should make clear the value orientation and practice strategy of "doing thinking symbiosis" to better achieve the teaching purpose. "Doing and thinking symbiosis" not only meets the needs of children's physical and mental development, but also conforms to the characteristics of primary school science. Through this to improve teaching activities, students can continue to grow and develop in "doing" and "thinking".
Keywords:"doing thinking symbiosis"; primary school science; value orientation; practice strategy
動手动脑学科学是儿童学科学的应然状态。手脑并用,交融共生,符合儿童的认知发展规律,契合科学课程的本质属性。如果将儿童科学学习中的动手表征为“做”,动脑表征为“思”,两者的互助与融合表征为“共生”,那么“做思共生”无疑是科学教育追求的一种理念,“做思共生”的课堂是一种适合儿童的科学学习新样态。皮亚杰的发生认识论认为:儿童的认知图式是儿童自身的感觉和运动系统作用于世界的结果。陶行知对“做”与“思”有独到理解:单单劳力与单单劳心都不算是真正之做,真正之做须是在劳力上劳心。这些教育观点都不同程度地体现了“做思共生”的教学意蕴,“做思共生”无疑是指向核心素养的科学教学的应然实践形态。
“做思共生”教科学的基本要义:科学教学的过程须顺应儿童的年龄特征、认知规律和科学的内在逻辑,儿童始于科学观察与实验,获得科学现象与事实,注重科学证据与逻辑,厘清格致变化与事理,诠释物物演替与克生,体会天地协调与妙趣,彰显做思循证与迭代,在看得见的“动手”和看不见的“动脑”之间、在有意思的“做”和有意义的“思”之间窥探大自然的依存之“道”、天演之“理”与物我之“情”。……
