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基于DEA-Tobit模型的科技型中小企业融资效率研究

2021-05-26宋丽平邹丽群

科技与管理 2021年2期
关键词:融资效率模型

宋丽平 邹丽群

摘 要:科技型中小企业的生存发展离不开资金的保障支持,而融资效率问题一直是科技型中小企业的桎梏。本文通过构建投入产出、企业内外部融资环境变量指标评价体系,以创业板上市的科技型中小企业为研究对象,对企业2015—2019年财务数据进行整理研究,利用DEA-Tobit模型对企业融资效率进行分析。结果显示:纯技术效率更能影响融资效率,大部分科技型中小企业处于规模报酬递增阶段;在同质环境下,内部融资环境变量、企业资产总额、前十大流通股东持股比例和有利于提高科技型中小企业的融资效率,流动负债率上升会降低融资效率;外部融资环境变量科技经费投入和经济水平对企业融资效率有显著影响。

关 键 词:科技型中小企业;创业板;融资效率;DEA-Tobit模型

DOI:10.16315/j.stm.2021.02.004

中图分类号: F276.3

文献标志码: A

Research on financing efficiency of technology-based small and

medium-sized enterprises based on DEA-Tobit model

SONG Li-ping, ZOU Li-qun

(School of Economics and Management, Harbin University of Science

and Technology, Harbin 150080, China)

Abstract:The survival and development of technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises cannot do without the support of funds, and the problem of financing efficiency has been a shackle of them. In this paper, the input and output, internal and external financing environment variable index evaluation system is constructed, and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises listed on GEM are taken as research objects to sort out and study the financial data of enterprises from 2015 to 2019. The DEA-Tobit model is used to analyze the financing efficiency of enterprises. The results show that pure technical efficiency has more influence on financing efficiency, most enterprises are in the stage of increasing return on scale. In a homogeneous environment, total assets, the proportion of shares held by the top ten circulating shareholders of the internal financing environment variables are conducive to improving the financing efficiency of enterprises, rising current debt ratio will reduce financing efficiency, while investment in science and economic level of the external financing environment variables have a significant impact on the financing efficiency of enterprises.

Keywords:technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises; GEM; financing efficiency; DEA-Tobit model

收稿日期: 2020-12-14

基金項目: 黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(G2017003)。

作者简介: 宋丽平(1967—),女,教授,硕士生导师;

邹丽群(1995—),女,硕士研究生.

改革开放以来,我国经济发展成就瞩目,经济结构也渐趋合理,在经济体制不断变革与完善中与时俱进。十九大报告强调改革科技体制,加速产学研深度融合势在必行,鼓励建立市场导向型、企业主体型的技术创新体系,支持中小型企业创新。当前我国经济发展已经从强调高速度转变到高质量,科技创新举足轻重。与一般中小企业相比,科技型中小企业竞争优势明显,具有高度敏锐、机制灵活、创新能力强等特点,是实现科技成果转化与创新的全新载体,在优化国家经济结构、提高新兴产业经济活力和市场竞争力等方面起到重要作用,已成为我国科技创新与经济社会发展的一股重要力量[1]。……

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