王攀 孙昌浩 杨帆 骆海波 周利琳 司升云

摘要 [目的]深入了解水芹葉象甲的生物学特性和生活习性，揭示水芹叶象甲的生长发育特征，为该虫的测报调查和防治提供理论依据。[方法]测量比较和描述水芹叶象甲各虫态的形态特征，并比较各龄期幼虫和成虫的取食量差异。[结果]水芹叶象甲幼虫的头壳宽、体长和体宽与龄期线性拟合的R.2分别为0.903 0、0.918 8和0.907 6。蛹和成虫在形态特征上具有明显的雌雄差异，表现为雌蛹的体长、体宽及体重均显著大于雄蛹，雌蛹和雌成虫的体长、体宽和体重均显著大于雄蛹和雄成虫。水芹叶象甲成虫全天均取食，2个取食高峰分别出现在光期的第1个小时和第8个小时。水芹叶象甲雌虫的取食量显著大于雄虫，且雌雄虫暗期的取食量均显著大于光期。幼虫主要在光期取食，取食高峰出现在光期的第7个小时。幼虫的取食量随龄期增加而显著增加，3龄幼虫的取食量显著高于1龄和2龄。1龄和2龄幼虫光期和暗期的取食量无显著差异，但3龄幼虫暗期的取食量显著高于光期。[结论]通过测量比较和描述水芹叶象甲各虫态的形态特征，并比较了各龄期幼虫和成虫的取食节律和取食量差异，为该虫的测报调查和防治提供理论依据。

关键词 水芹叶象甲;形态;性别;龄期;取食量

中图分类号 S436.45文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2021）07-0136-04

Abstract [Objective] To understand the biological characteristics and living habits， and to reveal the growth and development characteristics of Hypera sp. [Method] The morphological characteristics of various insect states of Hypera sp. were measured and described， and the food consumption difference between larvae and adults were compared respectively. [Result] The head width， body length， body width with larvae instar showed good linear relationship， R.2 of head width， body length， body width with larvae instar were 0.903 0， 0.918 8 and 0.907 6， respectively. The morphological characteristics of pupa and adult were obviously different between male and female respectively. The body length， body width and body weight of female pupae were significantly greater than male pupae， and the females body length， body width and body weight were significantly greater than the males. Adult Hypera sp. feed throughout the day， and the peak of feeding occurs in the 1st hour and the 8th hour into photophase. The feed consumption of the female adult was significantly higher than that of male， and the feed consumption of the adults in scotophase was significantly greater than that of photophase. The larvae mainly feed during the photophase， and the peak of feeding occurs in the 7th hour into the photophase. The feed consumption of larvae increased significantly with instars， and the feed consumption of 3rd larvae was significantly higher than that of 1st and 2nd larvae. There was no significant difference in the food consumption between the 1st and 2nd larvae， but the food consumption of the 3rd larvae in the scotophase was significantly higher than that in the photophase. [Conclusion] In this study， we measured and described the morphological characteristics of each stage of Hypera sp.， and compared the difference of feeding rhythm and feeding consumption between larvae and adults， which can provide a basis for  investigation and control of this pest.

Key words Hypera sp.;Morphology;Sex;Instar;Food consumption

作者简介 王攀（1985—），男，湖南邵阳人，农艺师，博士，从事蔬菜害虫抗药性及综合防控研究。*通信作者，正高职高级农艺师，从事蔬菜害虫抗药性、新农药创制及农药登记研究。……