基于组合模型的生物质燃料价格预测研究
2021-02-28曹文凯洪杰袁也姜冲朱晓罡
曹文凯 洪杰 袁也 姜冲 朱晓罡





摘 要:我国生物质能源储量丰富,生物质燃料发电前景广阔,但国内生物质发电普遍存在亏损现象,燃料采购成本居高不下,严重阻碍了生物质发电的推广。对生物质燃料进行价格预测分析,对保障生物质燃料发电厂的利益、促进生物质燃料发电产业健康发展具有重要意义。文章利用江苏某生物质发电厂2018年5月至2020年4月共3年的生物质燃料采购数据,运用滑动平均、趋势法、ARIMA模型等多种技术手段构建生物质燃料价格预测模型。运用2020年5月至2021年4月数据对模型进行检验,预测值相对误差均在5%以下,预测误差较小,较为接近真实值。文章采用组合预测模型的方法,能更好地发挥各单一模型的优势,使误差最小化,提高预测正确率以及稳定性。
关键词:生物质燃料;ARIMA;滑动平均;发电;价格预测
中图分类号:TP181 文献标识码:A文章编号:2096-4706(2021)16-0139-04
Research on Biomass Fuel Price Prediction Based on Combined Model
CAO Wenkai1, HONG Jie1, YUAN Ye1, JIANG Chong2, ZHU Xiaogang2
(1. Jiangsu New Energy Development Co., Ltd., NanJing 210018, China; 2. Nanjing Trusted-Blockchain Computing Economics Institute, NanJing 211899, China)
Abstract: China is rich in biomass energy reserves and has broad prospects for biomass fuel power generation. However, there are widespread losses in domestic biomass power generation, and the fuel procurement cost remains high, which seriously hinders the promotion of biomass power generation. The price prediction and analysis of biomass fuel is of great significance to protect the interests of biomass fuel power plants and promote the healthy development of biomass fuel power generation industry. Based on the biomass fuel purchase data of a biomass power plant in Jiangsu from May 2018 to April 2020, this paper constructs a biomass fuel price prediction model by using a variety of technical means such as moving average, trend method and ARIMA model. The data from May 2020 to April 2021 are used to test the model. The relative errors of the predicted values are less than 5%, and the prediction error is small, which is close to the real value. In this paper, the combination forecasting model is the best way to make the first mock exam more effective, minimize the error and improve the accuracy and stability of prediction.
Keywords: biomass fuel; ARIMA; moving average; electricity generation; price forecast
0 引 言
目前我國的能源需求量逐年增加,能源消耗量的增长速度已经远超其他发展中国家,能源消耗带来的安全问题和环境问题变得日益严峻。为了保障国家能源安全,降低化石能源的依赖,改善生态环境,政府正在大力开发和利用可再生能源。生物质能源由于其可再生的特性,成为最具开发潜力的可替代能源之一。生物质能源的利用方式有很多,其中生物质发电是目前开发最广泛的利用形式。生物质发电是利用生物质所具有的生物质能进行的发电项目,是以农作物秸秆、农林废弃物等作为燃料进行发电的产业。……
