曹华 魏曼琳 徐桂红

摘要：朱顶红Hippeastrum striatum是石蒜科球根花卉，具有较高观赏价值和经济效益。对引种的‘阿米哥’等8个朱顶红品种进行了一年的生长及适应性观测，筛选出‘阿米哥’‘合唱团’‘花孔雀’3种较适宜深圳气候的品种，进一步研究其开花习性和主要观赏性状。结果表明，3个品种都是大花品种，可观赏时间都比较长，分别达到27、24和25 d。但在叶片和花葶性状、花期、花部性状及可观赏时间等有一定差异，应用时应予以统筹考虑。推荐‘阿米哥’和‘合唱团’以盆花和城市园林等形式应用，推荐‘花孔雀’以切花形式应用。

关键词：朱顶红品种;观赏性状;应用

中图分类号：S688

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1671-2641（2021）06-0078-04

收稿日期：2020-12-15

修回日期：2021-03-04

Abstract： Hippeastrum striatum is bulbous flower of Amaryllidaceae， which has high ornamental value and economic benefits. Eight cultivars of H. striatum were introduced to analyze the adaptability in order to select the cultivars suitable in Shenzhen. The ornamental traits of three varieties of H. striatum ‘Amigo’， H. striatum ‘Glee’ and H. striatum ‘Blossom Peacock’ were further studied. The results showed that the ornamental duration of three H. striatum cultivars were 27， 24 and 25 days respectively. However， there were some differences in leaf and scape characters， flowering period， flower characters and ornamental time， which should be considered in application. It was recommended that H. striatum ‘Amigo’ and H. striatum ‘Glee’ could be used in the form of potted flowers and urban gardens， and H. striatum ‘Blossom Peacock’ could be applied in the form of cut flowers.

Key words： Hippeatrum striatum cultivars; Ornamental traits; Application

朱頂红Hippeastrum striatum是石蒜科朱顶红属多年生球根花卉。因花朵硕大、颜色艳丽、花型丰富，朱顶红被广泛应用于盆栽、切花及园林绿化，深受广大群众喜爱，市场价值巨大[1～2]。朱顶红原产于中南美洲地区，经世界各国各地园艺学家杂交选育，现已有商业朱顶红品种超过1 000个[3]。朱顶红在我国并无野生分布，目前我国对其遗传育种研究还在起步阶段，应用的朱顶红种球主要依赖进口，种球来源地主要为南非、荷兰和以色列等地区[4]。

近年来我国学者报道了引种到苏州、南京、上海、南宁等地区的朱顶红品种的观赏性状，内容集中在花期、花叶特征、繁殖系数、杂交育种等方面，认为不同品种的观赏性状等存在差异[2，5～6]。深圳正在大力推进“花城建设”，打造“世界花园城市”，引进和筛选适合深圳气候环境的多年生花卉是实现可持续性景观的重要方向[7]。……