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永州植烟土壤几种主要化学性状特征及聚类分析

2021-01-18靳志丽陈梦思邵兰军喻杰周向平王锡春袁芳

农学学报 2021年8期

靳志丽 陈梦思 邵兰军 喻杰 周向平 王锡春 袁芳

摘要:为掌握烟区土壤化学性状特征,2015年对永州市79个种烟乡镇689个植烟土壤取样调查和统计分析。结果表明,烟区土壤pH偏高,土壤有机质和阳离子交换量(CEC)丰富,分别有92.6%的土壤有机质和91.6%的CEC处于中等级别以上水平,植烟土壤肥力水平较高。土壤pH、有机质和CEC均存在正相关关系。通过聚类分析将烟区划分为2大特征区域,因地制宜,合理施肥及土壤保育。

关键词:植烟土壤;化学性状;pH;有机质;CEC;聚类分析

中图分类號:S572文献标志码:A论文编号:cjas20190900202

Yongzhou Tobacco-growing Soil: Main Chemical Characteristics and Cluster Analysis Jin Zhili1, Chen Mengsi2, Shao Lanjun3, Yu Jie1, Zhou Xiangping1, Wang Xichun1, Yuan Fang1

(1Yongzhou Company of Hunan Tobacco Company, Yongzhou 425000, Hunan, China;

2China Tobacco Company, Beijing 100055, China;

3China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China)

Abstract: To understand the chemical characteristics of tobacco-growing soil in Yongzhou, 689 tobaccogrowing soil samples from 79 tobacco-planting towns in Yongzhou of Hunan were investigated and analyzed in 2015. The results showed that the collected soil samples had the characteristics of high pH and were abundant in content of soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity, and up to 92.6% and 91.6% of the soil samples were above medium level respectively in organic matter and CEC. Tobacco-growing soil had high soil fertility, and there was a positive correlation between the soil pH, organic matter and cation exchange capacity. The results of cluster analysis suggested that tobacco planting area in Yongzhou could be divided into two different characteristic regions, and measures of rational fertilization and soil conservation accorded with local conditions should be considered.

Keywords: Tobacco-planting Soil; Chemical Characteristics; pH; Organic Matter; Cation Exchange Capacity; Cluster Analysis

0引言

烟草生长适应性强,多种土壤上都可以生长发育,但优质烟叶生产对土壤条件要求比较严格[1-2]。土壤化学性状是土壤重要属性之一,其中土壤酸碱度是土壤化学性质的重要参数[3],也是土壤肥力的重要指标之一[4-5],对矿物质风化、盐基淋溶、养分有效性、微生物数量和活性均产生影响[6];土壤有机质是土壤质量和肥力水平的重要指标[7],能增强土壤保水保肥能力[4];CEC是表征土壤化学性质、评价土壤保肥能力的重要指标[8],是改良土壤和合理施肥的重要依据[3,9]。近年来,多位学者对土壤pH、有机质、CEC的空间变异、影响因素及其与土壤其他性状的相互关系进行研究[1,3,10-12]。阙劲松等[1]研究表明,植烟土壤pH随海拔升高呈现“M”型变化趋势,而有机质则呈现“W”型变化趋势;植烟土壤pH与有机质呈负相关关系。林清火等[3]研究表明,添加生物质炭土壤调理剂,具有同步提高酸性土壤pH和CEC的能力,且其二者之间达到极显著相关。……

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