靳欣婷 孟志兴 孟会生

摘要：农地产权稳定是家庭农场发展壮大的重要根基。本研究利用运城市400户家庭农场的调查数据，采用中介效应模型，预测了土地经营权流转年限对农业综合效率的影响路径。研究发现，稳定的农地经营权年限从总体上显著提高了综合效率；土地流转年限主要通过土地流转价格和是否购买农机这两个中介变量来影响家庭农场的综合生产效率，即通过降低土地流转价格、减少购买农机服务，购买农机以实现自我服务来提升农业综合生产效率；农户内部的农机自我服务水平对综合效率的影响强于外包农机服务。因此，本研究提出积极建立土地流转收益动态调整机制，激励农户签订长期土地流转合同；继续完善土地承包权转让市场；提高外出务工人员的社会保障水平，降低退地农民的风险；加大补贴力度、持续推进农机自我服务机制建设。

关键词：家庭农场；土地流转年限；农业综合效率；中介效应模型；路径研究

中图分类号：S-9文献标志码：A论文编号：cjas2021-0069

The Influence Path of Land Transfer Years on Integrated Agricultural Efficiency of Family Farms

Jin Xinting1， Meng Zhixing1， Meng Huisheng2

（1College of Agricultural Economics and Management， Shanxi Agricultural University， Jinzhong 030801， Shanxi， China； 2College of Resources and Environment， Shanxi Agricultural University， Jinzhong 030801， Shanxi， China）

Abstract： The stability of farmland property rights is an important foundation for the development and expansion of family farms. Based on the survey data of 400 family farms in Yuncheng， this study used the mediating effect model to predict the influence path of the transfer years of land management rights on integrated agricultural efficiency. It is found that the stable farmland management tenure can significantly improve the integrated agricultural efficiency. The term of land transfer mainly affects the integrated agricultural efficiency of family farms through the two intermediary variables of land transfer price and whether to buy agricultural machinery. That is to say， the integrated agricultural efficiency is improved by reducing the land transfer price and purchasing agricultural machinery services. The effect of peasant household’s internal self-service level on integrated agricultural efficiency is stronger than that of outsourced agricultural machinery service. Therefore， this study proposes to improve the land contract right transfer market， raise the level of social security for migrant workers， increase subsidies and promote the construction of a self-service mechanism for agricultural machinery.

Keywords： Family Farms； Land Transfer Years； Integrated Agricultural Efficiency； Mediating Effect Model； Path Study

0引言

近年來，培育多元新型经营主体，发展适度规模经营一直是国家政策和学者研究的热点问题。家庭农场建立在家庭承包经营的基础上，既保留了家庭灵活经营的优势，同时又吸收了现代农业的元素，将会成为未来中国农业生产的主体[1]。研究表明，明确而稳定的土地经营权能够激励农户增加农业生产投资，提高农业生产效率[2]。区别于传统的农户，实现适度规模经营是家庭农场的重要特征之一。……