陈雪冬 商雨情 唐琳 赵玉鑫 高冠群 吴孔阳

摘    要：丛枝菌根（Arbuscular mycorrhizae，AM）真菌是土壤中的关键微生物，在湿地生态系统中具有重要作用。为了探明湿生植物芦苇、菖蒲根际AM真菌定殖状况及其与土壤因子的关系，本研究选取洛阳师范学院月明湖湿地为样地，分别对淹水区和湿土区芦苇及菖蒲根际土壤理化性质、根系AM真菌侵染率进行测定并分析其相关性，结果发现：湿土区芦苇根际土壤有效磷和速效钾含量显著高于湿土区菖蒲，但淹水区芦苇和淹水区菖蒲根际土壤养分含量并无明显差异;不同水分环境下芦苇和菖蒲根系AM真菌侵染率差异不显著，但湿土环境下芦苇和菖蒲的根系AM真菌侵染率要略高于淹水环境;土壤速效钾与AM真菌泡囊侵染率显著正相关，而且土壤速效钾对AM真菌泡囊侵染率具有直接影响。

关键词：湿生植物;AM真菌;土壤因子;相关性

中图分类号：Q938          文献标识码：A         DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.12.001

Study on the Correlation between AM Fungi Distribution and Soil Factors in the Rhizosphere of Different Wet Plants

CHEN Xuedong1， SHANG Yuqing1， TANG Lin1， ZHAO Yuxin1， GAO Guanqun2， WU Kongyang1

（1. College of Life Science， Luoyang Normal University， Luoyang， Henan 471934， China; 2. Information Institute， Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Tianjin 300192， China）

Abstract： Arbuscular mycorrhizae（AM） fungi are the key microorganisms in soil and play an important role in the wetland ecosystem.In order to explore the colonization level of AM fungi in the rhizosphere of reeds and calamus and its relationship with soil factors， the Yueming Lake wetland in the campus of Luoyang Normal University was selected as the sample site， and the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the colonization rate of AM fungi were measured， and then their correlations were also analyzed. The results showed that the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in the rhizosphere soil of the reed was significantly higher than that of the calamus in moist soil， but there was no significant difference in the nutrient content of the rhizosphere soil of the reed and the calamus in flooded area. The colonization rate of AM fungi in the roots of reeds and calamus in different water environments had no significant difference， but the colonization rate of AM fungi in the roots of reeds and calamus in moist soil was slightly higher than that in flooded environment. Soil available potassium hada significant positive correlation with AM fungal vesicle colonization rate， and hada direct effect on AM fungal vesicle infection rate.

Key words： wetplants; AM fungi; soil factor; correlation

叢枝菌根（Arbuscular mycorrhiza，AM）真菌是一类分布极为广泛的土壤微生物，能与80%以上的陆生植物共生形成菌根[1]，是联系地上——地下生态系统的关键节点，具有帮助植物吸收养分[2]、提高植物抗逆性[3]、改善土壤结构[4]、促进生态系统元素循环[5]等多种生态功能。在植物——AM真菌共生体系中，AM真菌给植物提供生长所需要的营养和水分，而植物则供给真菌生长所需要的碳水化合物[6]。因此，作为一种专性共生真菌，宿主植物是影响AM真菌分布的重要因子，能够选择性决定AM真菌种属的分布及丰度[7]。除了宿主植物种类的影响外，AM真菌种属分布还会受到外界环境，即非生物因素的影响，例如气候条件、土壤理化性质、水分条件、通气状况、结构类型、管理方式等[8-10]。……