职业教育发展中的问题及其成因分析
2021-01-13孙丽虹
孙丽虹
摘要随着我国职业教育快速发展,职业教育发展中存在很多问题,为推动其健康有序发展,需要从教育的宏观方面探究其产生的原因。从宏观方面看由于受传统职业偏差理念的影响、理论供给不足、职教体系缺乏完整性和开放性,加之制度供给不足导致职业教育成为我国教育薄弱环节。从微观方面看,存在过于急功近利、门槛过低、课程设置不合理、校企合作模式未完全建立等问题。只有分别从宏观和微观方面解决这些问题,才能有序促成我国职业教育的快速发展。
关键词 职业教育体系 制度供给 课程设置 校企合作
中图分类号:G710文献标识码:ADOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.29.002
Problems in the Development of Vocational Education and Cause Analysis
SUN Lihong
(Hebei Vocation College of Politics and Law, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050061)
AbstractWith the rapid development of vocational education in China, there are many problems in the development of vocational education. In order to promote its healthy and orderly development, it is necessary to explore its causes from the macro aspect of education. From the macroscopic point of view, vocational education has become a weak link in China’seducation becauseoftheinfluenceofthe traditionalconceptofvocationaldeviation,thelackoftheoreticalsupply, thelackofintegrityandopennessofvocationaleducationsystem,andthelackofinstitutionalsupply.Fromthemicropoint of view, there are problems such as too eager for quick success and instant benefits, too low threshold, unreasonable curriculum, school-enterprise cooperation model has not been completely established. Only by solving these problems from macro and micro aspects can we promote the rapid development of vocational education in our country orderly.
Keywordsvocational education system; institutional supply; curriculum; university-enterprise cooperation
職业教育是习近平总书记讲的让千百万人梦想成真的一个很重要的渠道和方式,同时也是脱贫攻坚过程中一项重要举措,也是我们从“中国制造”转为“中国创造”一条必经之路。近年来,我国职业教育快速发展,全国职业院校达1.23万所,开设了近10万个专业,在校生2682万人,每年平均培训上亿人次……我国已经建立起世界上规模最大的职业教育体系,具备了大规模培养技术技能人才的能力。[1]这是职业教育的成就,有目共睹。但不容忽视的是,我国的职业教育中也存在着这样或那样的问题,我们必须重视并尽快寻找解决这些问题的办法,以推动职业教育的健康有序发展,进而推动各地方社会经济发展。本文欲从职业教育的宏观与微观两个方面进行剖析,以期抛砖引玉。
1宏观方面
