童年哲学视角下的幼儿园区域环境创设
2021-01-09李俊彦
李俊彦
摘要传统教育忽略了儿童自身发展需要及思维能力的培养,哲学家马修斯认为,教育应该尊重儿童哲学思考的价值。区域环境创设作为与学前儿童朝夕互动的生活部分,对引导幼儿进行联想、发展幼儿哲学思考的意义重大。本文联系马修斯童年哲学思想中的部分观点对幼儿园区域环境创设实践展开反思,主要关注区域中投放的材料与环境创设的设计,旨在探索儿童哲学教育走进区域的可行性与价值。
关键词 学前儿童 童年哲学 区域环境创设
中图分类号:G614文献标识码:ADOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.25.056
The Creation of kindergarten Regional Environment from the Perspective of the Philosophy of Childhood
LI Junyan
(College of Educational Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410000)
AbstractTraditional education ignoresthedevelopment needs ofchildren and the cultivationoftheir thinkingability. The philosopher Matthews believes that education should respect the value of children’s philosophical thinking. As a part of daily interaction with preschool children, thecreation ofregional environment is of great significance to guiding children’s association and developing their philosophical thinking. This paper will reflect on the practice of creation of regional environment in kindergarten based on some ideas in Matthews’ philosophy of childhood, mainly focusing on the materials and design of environment creation in the area, aiming to explore the feasibility and value of children’s philosophy education in the area.
Keywordspreschool children; philosophy of childhood; the creation of regional environment
在人们对不同学科的认知中,哲学通常会被冠以“晦涩难懂”的刻板印象,导致其更甚被运用于年幼儿童的教育中去。随着“以儿童为中心”“儿童是成人之父”等观点在世界范围内的影响渐广,越来越多成人关心儿童的成长问题,重视走进孩子们内心的世界。作为儿童哲学的先锋,美国哲学家马修斯将哲学与童年联系了起来,认为成人不应把孩子看作“未成年人”,而应平等待之,甚至视之为“成人之父”。而如今这已是众多幼儿园正在努力做到的目标之一。
在幼儿园日常的教育中,在进行最主要的教学活动之余,区域是幼儿园教学活动的重要补充,也是实现幼儿发展非常的重要途径与平台。蒙台梭利认为,环境是教育中的重要角色之一,幼儿除了接受教师传递的经验,也会在环境中吸收知识。①区域环境作为幼儿在学习生活中互动频繁的板块,对幼儿的成长有着潜移默化的作用。……
