钟佳

[摘 要]为保障我国银行业的市场竞争，完善我国银行业反垄断规制路径，应将反垄断法规制引入银行业金融规制，与金融规制一道共同促进银行业的发展。应建立银行业竞争中立的政策导向、实行竞争评估的竞争推进机制来构建公平竞争的银行业市场，促进金融资源的合理配置。

[关键词]银行业垄断;金融规制;反垄断法规制;竞争中立;竞争评估

[中圖分类号] C912.2            [文献标识码] A            [文章编号] 2095-3283（2020）09-0106-04

Abstract： China's banking industry has a prominent monopoly problem， and the existing anti-monopoly regulation path of the banking industry： the internal financial regulation of the banking industry and the external anti-monopoly law regulation have shortcomings. In order to guarantee the market competition of China's banking industry and improve the anti-monopoly regulation path of China's banking industry， anti-monopoly regulation should be introduced into the banking financial regulation and promote the development of the banking industry together with the financial regulation. At the same time， it is necessary to establish the policy orientation of neutral competition in the banking industry and the competition promotion mechanism of competition evaluation to build a fair competition banking market and promote the rational allocation of financial resources.

Key Words： Banking Monopoly; Financial Regulation; Antitrust Regulation; Competitive Neutrality; Competition Assessment

随着国际和国内经济金融环境的不断变化，我国银行业取得了长足的发展，这得益于逐步开放的市场经济环境，也得益于政府经济性规制和法律规制的完善。但近年来，金融资源分配不均衡、金融消费者权益受到损害等问题层出不穷，因此，采取何种措施推进金融改革已成为我们必须思考的问题。有鉴于此，结合法律经济学的相关知识，分析银行业反垄断的规制需求，反思现有反垄断规制措施的不足，在反垄断内外部规制和推进竞争机制的视野下探索我国银行业反垄断的有效路径。

一、我国银行业反垄断规制需求

基于银行业在国民经济中所处的战略性地位，加上其所具备的自然垄断的特点，致使银行业垄断问题不仅特殊且颇为复杂。所以明确银行业垄断行为的表征，厘清银行业市场的反垄断规制需求是建构银行业反垄断规制的先决条件。随着金融市场的不断发展，我国银行业垄断问题也开始凸显，主要表现在以下方面：