曹景林 程君奇 李亚培

摘要： 为探讨湖北省烟区烤烟化学成分的稳定性和年度变化趋势，于2010―2018年选择5个代表性乡镇固定植烟地块，采用烤烟品种K326和统一栽培技术措施进行烟叶生产，每年烘烤结束后每个试点采集C3F烟叶样品，分析其常规化学成分并进行变化趋势分析。结果表明，湖北省烟区烟叶主要化学成分含量处于适宜范围，不同区域烟叶中各种化学成分含量均随着年度变化而出现波动，相同年份烟叶中同一种化学成分含量在不同区域间也均有不同程度的差异。其中，以烟碱含量波动较大，其次为糖含量，而钾含量和总氮含量波动相对较小。

关键词：湖北省烟区;烤烟;化学成分;变化

中图分类号： S572           文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2020）10-107-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.10.025            开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Abstract： In order to explore the stability and annual change trend of the chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco in Hubei province tobacco area， five representative villages were selected from 2010 to 2018 for fixed tobacco planting. The flue-cured tobacco variety K326 and unified cultivation technology measures were adopted for tobacco production. C3F tobacco samples were collected from each pilot after the end of each year for analysis of the conventional chemical composition and the change trend was analyzed. The results showed that the content of the main chemical components of the tobacco leaves in Hubei province was in a suitable range， and the content of various chemical components in the tobacco leaves in different regions fluctuated with the change of the year， and the content of the same chemical components in the same year was different in different regions. Among them， the nicotine content fluctuated greatly， followed by sugar content， while the fluctuation of potassium content and total nitrogen content was relatively small.

Key words： tobacco area of Hubei province; flue-cured tobacco; chemical component; change

烤烟化学成分是烟叶外观质量和物理特性的物质基础，也是吸食品质的基础，直接影响卷烟产品的质量。不同产区因栽培技术、生态环境差异以及年度间的气候变化，导致烟叶化学成分年度间发生一定变化[1，2]。目前，常规化学成分检测主要有总氮、烟碱、总糖、还原糖、淀粉、总钾、总氯等，并以此计算出糖碱比、两糖比、两糖差、钾氯比、氮碱比等来评判烟叶的化学成分及其协调性[1，3]。为了充分了解湖北省烟区烤烟烟叶化學成分年度间的稳定性和变化状况，本研究通过定点试验对2010―2018年湖北省烟区烤烟烟叶常规化学成分的变化进行了分析，旨在明确湖北省烟区烤烟烟叶化学成分的变化规律，为烟叶原料使用和生产措施调整提供参考。……