郭春丽

[摘要] 目的 探討护理干预对脑出血气管切开患者肺部感染的效果观察。方法 方便抽取2018年9月—2019年9月在该院接受治疗的脑出血气管切开患者118例，按照等差数列首项为1公差为7的方式将118例患者平均分为两组，即对照组与实验组，每组患者均为59例。对照组患者实施常规护理，实验组患者实施护理干预，以3个月为调查周期，总结不同护理模式下脑出血气管切开患者肺部感染情况。结果 干预前后对照组与实验组患者PaCO2浓度分别为（56.27±1.69）、（53.18±1.32）mmHg，（56.33±1.28）、（48.21±2.14）mmHg。干预前后对照组与实验组患者PaO2浓度分别为（51.36±2.56）、（63.15±2.36）mmHg，（51.38±2.58）、（73.58±1.96）mmHg。干预前后对照组与实验组患者pH浓度分别为（7.22±0.12）、（7.31±0.01），（7.11±0.36）、（7.42±0.02）。干预前差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），干预后差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组与对照组患者满意度分别为96.61%，81.35%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.998，P<0.05）。结论 护理干预对脑出血气管切开患者肺部感染治疗效果显著，能够改善患者的血气指标，患者的满意度也大大提高。

[关键词] 护理干预;脑出血;气管切开;肺部感染;治疗效果

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of nursing intervention on pulmonary infection in patients with tracheotomy after intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods A total of 118 patients with tracheotomy for intracerebral hemorrhage who were treated in the hospital from September 2018 to September 2019 were convenient selected， and the 118 patients were divided into two groups according to the method of the first order of the difference series being 1 and the tolerance being 7. There were 59 patients in the control group and the experimental group. Patients in the control group were given routine nursing care， and patients in the experimental group were given nursing intervention. The period of investigation was three months， and the lung infections of tracheotomy patients with cerebral hemorrhage under different nursing modes were summarized. Results The PaCO2 concentrations in the control group and the experimental group before and after the intervention were （56.27±1.69） mmHg， （53.18±1.32） mmHg， （56.33±1.28） mmHg， and （48.21±2.14） mmHg. The concentrations of PaO2 in the control and experimental groups before and after the intervention were （51.36±2.56） mmHg， （63.15±2.36） mmHg， （51.38±2.58） mmHg， and （73.58±1.96） mmHg. The pH concentrations of the patients in the control group and the experimental group before and after the intervention were （7.22±0.12）， （7.31±0.01）， （7.11±0.36）， and （7.42±0.02）. The difference before the intervention was not statistically significant（P>0.05）， the difference after the intervention was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The satisfaction of the patients in the experimental group and the control group was 96.61%， 81.35%， The difference was statistically significant （χ2=6.998， P<0.05）.Conclusion Nursing intervention has a significant effect on the treatment of pulmonary infection in patients with tracheotomy with cerebral hemorrhage. It can improve the blood gas index of patients and the patient's satisfaction is greatly improved.

[Key words] Nursing intervention; Cerebral hemorrhage; Tracheotomy; Lung infection; Treatment effect

脑出血是一种常见的精神外科疾病，对患者的神经有显著的压迫作用，临床表现为昏迷，由于患者出血情况、年龄大小以及身体素质等的不同，昏迷时间也不同，严重情况下导致患者长期昏迷不醒，严重情况下导致患者死亡。每年因脑出血死亡的患者不计其数，调查结果表明脑出血会增大患者肺部感染概率，而且有超过一半以上患者出现肺部感染。对于脑出血患者目前临床上采用的治疗方法是气管切开术，有利于短时间内恢复患者的正常呼吸功能，减少呼吸障碍。随着治疗的不断深入，问题也日益显现出来，由于该手术是在相对开放的环境下进行，手术过程中，外界环境容易感染患者的呼吸道，从而引发肺部感染，这种情况下会加剧患者的病情，而且也增加了手术的风险，患者病死率也极剧上升。该次……