马建英

[摘要] 目的 分析对术前留置尿管的患者开展护理干预对麻醉复苏期耐受性和导管脱出率的影响。 方法 方便選取2019年1—8月200例术前留置尿管的患者为对象，随机分为两组，对照组接受常规护理干预，观察组接受全程护理干预，比较两组患者麻醉复苏期耐受性、导管脱出率。 结果 观察组麻醉复苏期呕吐、恶心、呼吸抑制次数少于对照组，躁动评分低于对照组（t=12.264、14.610、12.666、13.918，P<0.05）;观察组留置尿管后的不适感评分为（4.51±1.22）分，低于对照组（6.29±1.57）分;观察组导管脱出率为4.00%，低于对照组脱出率15.00%（χ2=7.037，P<0.05）。结论 对术前留置尿管患者实施护理干预有助于提升患者麻醉复苏期的耐受性，减少导管脱出率，全程护理干预的应用价值更明显。

[关键词] 护理干预;尿管留置;麻醉复苏期;耐受性;导管脱出率

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the effect of nursing intervention on the tolerance of anesthesia and resuscitation rate of catheters in patients undergoing preoperative indwelling catheter. Methods Convenient select a total of 200 patients with indwelling ureter before surgery from January to August 2019 were randomly divided into two groups. The control group received routine nursing intervention， and the observation group received full-course nursing intervention. The anesthesia and resuscitation phase tolerance， catheter prolapse rate of the two groups were compared. Results The number of vomiting， nausea， and respiratory depression during the anesthesia and resuscitation period in the observation group was less than that in the control group， and the agitation score was lower than that in the control group （t=12.264， 14.610， 12.666， 13.918， P<0.05）; the discomfort in the observation group after the indwelling catheter was （4.51±1.22） points， which was lower than the control group （6.29±1.57） points. The catheter expulsion rate in the observation group was 4.00%， which was lower than the control group by 15.00%（χ2=7.037， P<0.05）. Conclusion Nursing interventions for patients with indwelling catheters before surgery can help patients tolerate during anesthesia and resuscitation， reduce the rate of catheter prolapse， and the application value of whole-course nursing intervention is more obvious.

[Key words] Nursing intervention; Urinary indwelling; Anesthesia resuscitation period; Tolerance; Catheter prolapse rate

手术基本都需要在麻醉下进行，通过麻醉能够明显减轻患者接受手术时的痛苦，避免手术操作中患者有明显应激反应，影响操作顺利进行[1]。部分手术基于需要，术前会留置尿管，但是大部分术前留置尿管的患者在麻醉复苏期会存在耐受性不佳的问题，另外导管脱出率高，直接影响手术整体效果，增加患者不适感[2]。所以对于术前接受尿管留置的患者，积极进行护理干预非常重要。该研究以该院2019年1—8月200例患者为对象，具体分析全程护理干预的应用价值，现报道如下。

1  对象与方法

1.1  研究对象

方便选取该院收治的200例术前留置尿管的患者为对象，随机分为两组，观察组100例，男60例、女40例;年龄55～75岁，平均（65.28±8.45）岁。对照组100例，男60例、女40例;年龄55～75岁，平均（66.29±8.71）岁。两组年龄、性别差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。（1）纳入标准：①手术需要术前进行尿管留置;②年龄18岁以上;③具备良好尿管留置依从度;④签署研究知情同意书;⑤获得伦理委员会批准。（2）排除标准：①合并泌尿系统障碍;②合并精神障碍;③无法配合研究完成;④中途要求退出研究。