辛依林

摘 要：为探究我国制造企业间产能共享策略的问题，文中基于竞合理论视角，在明确在线平台环境下企业制造资源共享的基础上，构建了考虑2个制造企业间产能共享策略的演化博弈模型，求出模型均衡点并对双方的稳定状态和选择策略进行分析，通过分析产能共享收益相关参数变化对演化结果的影响。结果显示：制造企业产能共享路径演化与博弈的支付矩阵以及某些参数的密切变化有关;制造企业间长期演化的结果仅有产能共享和产能不共享2个;产能共享的额外收益与产能共享量呈正相关，投机收益系数、共享成本系数的增加将会增大成员之间产能共享的难度;可通过增加产能共享量、降低投机收益和共享成本系数提高制造企业产能共享意愿。

关键词：制造企业;产能共享;演化博弈;竞合;在线平台

中图分类号：F 275 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-7312（2020）04-0375-05

Abstract：In order to explore the issue of capacity sharing strategies among manufacturing enterprises in China，based on the perspective of competition and cooperation theory，this paper built an evolutionary game model that considers the capacity sharing strategies between two manufacturing enterprises on the basis of clarifying the sharing of manufacturing resources in the online platform environment，figured out the equilibrium point of the model and analyzed the impact of changes in the parameters related to capacity sharing revenue on the evolution results.The research results show that the evolution of the manufacturing companys capacity sharing path is related to the games payment matrix and the changes in certain parameters;The long-term evolution between manufacturing companies has only the capacity sharing and the non-capacity  sharing;The additional benefit of capacity sharing is positively related to the amount of capacity sharing.The increase of speculative profit factor and sharing cost factor will increase the difficulty of capacity sharing among members;The increase in capacity sharing among manufacturing enterprises can be achieved by increasing the amount of capacity sharing，reducing the speculative income and sharing cost coefficient.Finally，the paper provides a reference for the development of capacity sharing systems for manufacturing companies.

Key words：manufacturing enterprise;capacity sharing;evolutionary game;competition and cooperation;online platform

0 引言

信息與通信技术的发展、网络与虚拟组织的出现使得市场上各组织之间同时进行竞争和合作的情形愈发激烈[1]，Brandenburger和Nalebuff[2]将这种现象称为“竞合”。随着共享经济时代的到来，产能逐渐作为制造企业间竞争优势与合作基础的要素[3]。近几年，我国制造业产能共享市场发展迅速，2017年我国制造业产能共享市场的规模已经达到4 120亿元，相比上一年增长了25%。同时，企业之间彼此学习利用对方核心能力、保护自己知识与技术的情况广泛存在于产能共享过程中[4]，制造企业之间会产

生共享利益冲突甚至相互削弱竞争优势及产业地位的局面。……