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大型边坡快速开挖防护施工技术

2020-08-03史艳

价值工程 2020年17期

摘要:为提高大型边坡施工效率,保障施工安全,通过传统工艺改进,工作面和工艺工序在空间和时间上的优化,拉长流水工作面。将边坡开挖一级防护一级细分为一级分三层开挖,并利用小高差优势引进履带式锚索钻机打孔作业。避免了边坡防护脚手架搭设,降低施工安全风险;减少大量工日,具有显著的经济效益。

Abstract: In order to improve the construction efficiency of large-scale slopes and ensure the safety of construction, through the improvement of traditional crafts and the optimization of the working face and the technological process in space and time, it elongates the flowing working face. The first-level protection for slope excavation is subdivided into first-level and three-layer excavation, and the advantage of small height difference is used to introduce crawler anchor drilling rigs for drilling operations. It avoids the slope protective scaffolding, reduces the construction safety risks, and reduces a large number of working days, so it has significant economic benefits.

关键词:边坡;开挖防护;锚索钻机;工艺工序;边坡施工

Key words: slope;excavation protection;anchor rig;process;slope construction

中图分类号:U416.14                                    文献标识码:A                                  文章编号:1006-4311(2020)17-0108-02

1  概述

一般边坡施工均应采用信息法[1],大型边坡采用逆作法施工,上一层级支护完成后方可进行下一层级的开挖即开挖一级防护一级。一级边坡高度大概10m左右,传统方法一级边坡全高开挖后,再来搭脚手架采用潜孔钻打锚孔、安装钢绞线或锚杆等工序,一级边坡竖向上一般有2~3排锚索。对于大型边坡采用该工艺机械化作业水平不高,搭架钻孔存在大量人工作业,同时也存在一定的安全风险。

通过工艺工序调整和工作面在空间和时间上的布置,总体思路为取消传统边坡开挖防护搭设的脚手架或支架。将一级边坡分三层开挖,每层开挖后作为上一层工作面,较原工艺增加了工作面。每层工作面实现前面开挖、后续机械钻孔、锚索施工等流水线,原一级边坡一条流水线,调整后一级边坡三层三条流水线。采用履带式潜孔钻机在开挖后的边坡面上钻孔,避免了脚手架搭设。工序顺层逆作的工艺制约下层开挖,避免了只开挖不防护有利于安全管理和边坡稳定。……

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