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基于混合遗传禁忌算法的预制构件调度研究

2020-08-03陈竑翰熊福力王冬源杜瑶储梦伶

价值工程 2020年17期

陈竑翰 熊福力 王冬源 杜瑶 储梦伶

摘要:合理的调度方案可以显著改善预制构件生产效率,降低能耗并提高客户满意度。针对预制构件生产调度优化问题,传统的遗传算法往往优化效率较低。因此提出了一种新型的混合遗传禁忌算法,其中考虑了不同的编码方式以及初始种群的生成方式对算法的影响,首先通过遗传算法找到一个较好的可行解作为禁忌搜索算法的初始解,而后使用禁忌搜索算法在这个初始解的邻域内进行局部搜索寻优。最后设计实验验证了单层随机数编码方式优于多层随机数编码方式。并在基准时间下运行算法,实验结果表明,在工件数较少时禁忌搜索算法效果较好,而在工件数较多的情况下混合算法更优。

Abstract: A reasonable scheduling scheme can significantly improve the production efficiency of prefabricated components, reduce energy consumption and increase customer satisfaction. In order to optimize the production scheduling of prefabricated components, traditional genetic algorithms often have lower optimization efficiency. Therefore, a new type of hybrid genetic tabu algorithm is proposed, which takes into account the effects of different coding methods and initial population generation methods on the algorithm. First, a better feasible solution is found through the genetic algorithm as the initial solution of the tabu search algorithm. A tabu search algorithm is used to perform local search optimization in the neighborhood of this initial solution. Finally, design experiments verify that single-layer random number encoding is better than multi-layer random number encoding. The algorithm is run at the benchmark time. The experimental results show that the tabu search algorithm works well when the number of artifacts is small, and the hybrid algorithm is better when the number of artifacts is large.

關键词:预制构件;遗传算法;禁忌搜索算法;混合算法

Key words: precast component;genetic algorithm;tabu search algorithm;hybrid algorithm

中图分类号:TU756                                      文献标识码:A                                  文章编号:1006-4311(2020)17-0247-04

0  引言

装配式建筑是指在工厂预制,现场装配而成的建筑[1],与传统现浇式施工和砌体结构相比,装配式建筑可以预先在预制场中进行生产,减少了环境污染和材料耗费。装配式建筑需求量不断增加,然而,目前我国装配式建筑并没有得到广泛的推广,主要有技术不完善和生产调度混乱两方面原因。在过去几十年中,不断有学者对预制构件的调度模型进行改进,Chan和Hu[2]提出了预制构件生产的流水车间排序模型(FSSM),将目标改为最小化延迟和提前的惩罚值。Leu等人[3]考虑了起重机和工厂工人的限制,以最小完工时间为目标。……

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