盛囝 周亚庆 熊义爱

摘 要：目的：了解商洛市某区近两年餐饮机构餐具的消毒情况，对消毒效果及水平进行评价，为今后相关经营场所的卫生状况监管提供依据。方法：依据GB 14934-2016《食品安全国家标准 消毒餐（饮）具》中的规定，对2018—2019年商洛市某区内的餐饮机构消毒餐具进行卫生及理化指标检测分析。结果：共检测样品428份，合格率为65.4%。其中大型餐饮机构合格率为81.8%，中型合格率为78.4%，小型合格率为60.7%。不同种类餐具中合格率最高的是杯子类，最低的是筷子类，预包装餐具的合格率高于自洗自消餐具的合格率。8月抽檢餐具合格率最低。结论：2018—2019年商洛市某区内餐饮机构检测合格率较低。各类餐饮机构应高度重视本机构的餐具消毒卫生状况，同时相关监管部门应加大检查力度，监督餐饮机构严格按照规定执行餐具的消毒工作，保障人民的饮食安全。

关键词：餐具;消毒;监测;合格率

Abstract：Objective： Learn disinfection health institutions in recent years catering utensils in a district of Shangluo City， Evaluation of disinfection effect and level， Provide a feasible basis for the supervision of the health status of relevant business sites in the future. Methods： According to the provisions of the “National Food Safety Standard Disinfected Meal （Drinking） Utensils” GB 14934-2016，test and analysis of sanitation and physical and chemical indicators of sterilized tableware in catering establishments in a district of Shangluo City from 2018 to 2019. Results： A total of 428 samples were tested， the pass rate is 65.4%. Among them， the qualification rate of large catering establishments is 81.8%， Medium-sized pass rate is 78.4%， Small pass rate is 60.7%. The highest pass rate among different types of tableware is cups， the lowest is chopsticks， the pass rate of pre-packaged tableware is higher than that of self-washing and self-consuming tableware. In August， the sampling rate of tableware was the lowest. Conclusion： In 2018-2019， the passing rate of catering establishments in a district of Shangluo City was low. All types of catering establishments should attach great importance to the sanitation status of their tableware， at the same time， relevant regulatory authorities should increase inspection efforts， supervise catering institutions to strictly implement tableware disinfection in accordance with regulations， protect peoples food safety.

Key words：Tableware; Disinfection; Monitor; Pass rate

餐具消毒是餐饮业管理的重要环节，也是预防食源性疾病的重要手段[1]。餐具的消毒是否彻底，效果是否达标，直接影响消费者的身体健康。为了解商洛市餐饮机构餐具的消毒卫生状况，评价消毒餐具的消毒效果及水平，为今后相关经营场所的卫生监督检查提供依据，本文对2018—2019年商洛市某区餐饮机构消毒餐具的卫生及理化指标抽检结果进行分析，现将结果整理如下。

1 材料和方法

1.1 材料

本文对2018—2019年商洛市某区231家餐饮机构的消毒餐具进行抽检，按经营规模大小，抽检单位可分为大型餐馆（面积500～3000 m2），中型餐馆（面积150～500  m2），小型餐馆（150 m2以下），每家机构抽取1～3批样品。……