杂粮面包的研究进展
2020-06-08朱明霞白婷靳玉龙张玉红
朱明霞 白婷 靳玉龙 张玉红
摘 要:谷物作为我国居民膳食宝塔的基础,是膳食中能量的主要来源,随着人们生活水平的提高,食物精细化程度也越来越高,这就使人们摄入的营养不均衡,从而导致各种慢性疾病和心脑血管疾病的发生,所以要平衡膳食结构,吸收均衡营养,而杂粮中含有丰富的营养物质。本文主要针对目前杂粮面包加工工艺、杂粮面包种类、杂粮面包改良剂的研究进展进行综述,指出目前杂粮面包产业中存在的问题,并对杂粮面包类食品的开发和市场进行展望。
关键词:杂粮;面包;改良;研究进展
Abstract:As the basis of Chinese residents dietary pagodas of Cereals, are the main source of energy in meals. With the improvement of peoples living standards, the degree of food refinement is also getting higher and higher, which makes peoples intake of nutrition unbalanced, thus leading to the occurrence of various chronic diseases and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the dietary structure and absorb balanced nutrition. However, coarse cereals contain rich nutrients. In this paper, the research progress of processing technology, types and amendment of coarse cereal bread were reviewed. The existing problems in the coarse cereal bread industry were pointed out, and the development and market prospect of coarse cereal bread food were prospected.
Key words:Coarse cereal; Bread; Improvement; Research progress
近年來,随着人们生活水平的提高,饮食习惯和膳食结构发生了明显改变,食物越来越精致,精米、精面的消费量增加,动物性食物和油脂的食用量增加,而杂粮类食物的消费量减少,导致糖尿病、心血管疾病、肥胖症等与饮食相关的富贵病的发病率提高。造成这种现象的主要原因是谷物加工过于精细化,损失了矿物质、纤维素等营养物质,导致膳食结构不平衡[1]。人们的身体健康水平与膳食营养结构有直接关系,平衡的膳食营养结构是保障身体健康的关键要素,我国的中医古籍《黄帝内经》中记载,五谷为养,五果为助,五畜为益,五菜为充。中国人的饮食习惯也是以五谷杂粮为主,基本符合营养平衡。我国首次提出“食物多样,谷类为主,粗细搭配”的建议。在2007年修订发布的《中国居民膳食指南》中,提出了应重视多样化和粗细搭配,适量选择一些全麦制品、碾磨粗糙的米面和粗粮、薯类及杂豆[2]。……
