薛婷 张耀华

摘要 韩城是我国花椒的主产区，栽培历史悠久。分析了韩城市花椒产业发展现状及存在的问题，韩城市花椒产业发展具有地理条件、产量规模及科技研发方面的优势，但仍然存在自然灾害频发、农药残留问题难以解决、采摘烘干成本高昂等问题。提出了部门联合，科技助力，加大培训，科学指导，产学研结合等建议，以促进花椒产业健康发展。

关键词 花椒，产业现状，问题，建议，韩城

中图分类号 S-9文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2020）06-0207-03

Abstract Hancheng is the main Zanthoxylum bunlzeanum producing district in China， and it has a long cultivated history.The present situation and problems in the industry development of Zanthoxylum burdzeanum in Hancheng were analysed. The development of Zanthoxylum burdzeanum industry in Hancheng has advantages in terms of geographical conditions， production scale， and scientific and technological research and development， but there are still problems such as frequent natural disasters， difficult problems with pesticide residues， and high costs for picking and drying.Suggestions were made for departmental cooperation， scientific and technological assistance， increased training， scientific guidance， and the combination of production， teaching， and research，in order to promote the healthy development of Zanthoxylum burdzeanum industry.

Key words Zanthoxylum burdzeanum，Developing status quo，Problems，Suggestion，Hancheng

韓城市地处陕西省东部，黄河西岸，关中盆地东北隅。近年来以供给侧结构性改革为主线，聚焦“建设黄河沿岸区域性中心城市”目标[1]，依托“一带一路”沿线经济带的辐射作用，在经济上取得了较快的发展。韩城花椒拥有栽培历史悠久、栽种面积最大、产量最高、富民作用最强、示范辐射带动力最大等产业优势，韩城市被国家林业部门授予“中国名特优经济林花椒之乡”“中国花椒之都”等多项荣誉称号。2018年韩城花椒产量和价格均创历史新高，品牌价值达到213亿元。花椒产业已成为带动农民致富奔小康和引领乡村振兴的龙头产业、富民产业、生态产业。推进花椒产业规模化、标准化、集约化、产业化、健康化、品牌化建设，对促进韩城区域社会经济与生态文化可持续发展具有重要意义。

1 韩城花椒产业发展现状

1.1 得天独厚的地理条件

韩城南靠合阳、西连大岭、北接禹口、东临黄河，境内兼有山原川滩等多样地貌，其中深山和浅山丘陵占总面积的69%。……