陈绍森 刘云龙 董孝成 赵恩亮 李静龙

摘  要：分析思维导图教学法在胸外科实习生临床教学中的应用效果。将本院胸外科实习轮转的2015级临床医学专业卓越班学生68名作为研究对象，以自愿的原则随机分成两个教学组。对照组34名采取传统教学方法，实验组34名应用思维导图教学法。比较两组实习前后学生临床思维能力、执业自信心及抗挫折能力，同时对两组学生实习满意度进行比较。实验组自我效能感量表（GSES）评分亦较对照组高（P<0.05），临床实习生思维导图教学后对重难点知识掌握、归纳总结、教学模式以及临床实践能力的满意度评分均高于对照组（P<0.05），差异有统计学意义。思维导图教学法可提高学生对知识归纳总结和临床实践能力，并有助于增强其临床思维能力、执业自信心及抗挫折能力。

关键词：思维导图教学法  胸外科  临床教学  临床思维能力

Abstract： To analyze the application effect of mind mapping teaching method in clinical teaching of thoracic surgery interns. A total of 68 students from the 2015 clinical medicine excellence class in the hospital's thoracic surgery practice rotation were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into two teaching groups on a voluntary basis. 34 people in the control group used traditional teaching methods， and 34 people in the experimental group used mind mapping teaching methods. The clinical thinking ability， practice self-confidence and anti-frustration ability of the two groups of students before and after the practice were compared， and the satisfaction of the two groups of students was compared. The self-efficacy scale （GSES） score was also higher than that of the control group （P<0.05）. After the mind map teaching， the clinical interns were satisfied with the mastery of key and difficult knowledge， knowledge summary， teaching mode and clinical practice ability. Both were higher than the traditional teaching control group （P<0.05）， and the difference was statistically significant. Mind mapping teaching method can improve students' knowledge summarization and clinical practice ability， specialty theory and operational skills， and help enhance their clinical thinking ability， practice self-confidence and anti-frustration ability.

Key Words： Mind map teaching method; Thoracic surgery; Clinical teaching; Clinical thinking ability

胸外科臨床教学的主要目标是让实习学生明确胸外科疾病的诊治过程，掌握胸外科基本手术操作。传统教学方法通常采取带教老师口头讲解、学生在一旁记笔记，思维导图是一种运用图文并重的技巧将各种概念、观点及其关联进行生动化、可视化呈现的图文工具，可帮助学习者更透彻地理解且更快地掌握所学内容[1]。有研究认为[2]，在临床教学中借助思维导图，有助于提高学习效率与教学效果。本研究将思维导图教学法应用于胸外科临床教学中，效果亦较好，现报道如下。

1  资料与方法

1.1 资料

研究对象为来本院胸外科实习轮转的2015级临床医学专业卓越班68名学生，按照自愿原则分为对照组（传统教学方法，n=34）、实验组（思维导图教学，n=34）。对照组男21名，女13名;年龄21～25（22.16±1.67）岁。实验组男20名，女14名;年龄22～25（22.57±1.82）岁。对两组基线资料做比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），具有可比性。

1.2 方法

对照组学生根据教学大纲要求，采取传统方法进行教学。实……