利用ADTD地闪数据对河南省一次雷暴过程的分析
2020-03-31杨美荣刘超
杨美荣 刘超



摘要选取河南省2018年5月15日一次雷暴天气过程,利用ADTD地闪定位系统以及多普勒天气雷达等资料,分析地闪在该天气过程中的特征、初始地闪发生时的雷达回波特征以及地闪与垂直液态水含量、雷暴顶高的关系。结果表明,地闪在随时间的变化中具有多峰特征,整个雷暴过程中正地闪占总地闪的比例达50.8%;正地闪的突然增加能指示降雹的发生;地閃频数的变化与液态水含量高值区面积的变化趋势较一致;40dBz回波高度与地闪频数的对应关系较好。
关键词地闪;雷暴;垂直液态水含量;雷暴顶高
中图分类号P458文献标识码A
文章编号0517-6611(2020)04-0217-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.04.063
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Analysis of a Thunderstorm Process in Henan Province Using ADTD Ground Flash Data
YANG Mei-rong1,LIU Chao2(1.Henan Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center, Zhengzhou,Henan 450000;2.Henan Meteorological Observatory, Zhengzhou,Henan 450000)
AbstractWe selected a thunderstorm weather process in Henan Province on May 15, 2018,using the data of ADTD ground lightning location system and Doppler weather radar and other data,the characteristics of ground flash in this weather process,the radar echo characteristics of initial lightning occurrence and the relationship between ground flash and vertical liquid water content and thunderstorm top height were analyzed.The results showed that the ground flashes had multi-peak characteristics in the change with time, and the proportion of positive ground flashes to total ground flashes during the entire thunderstorm process reached 50.8%;the sudden increase in positive ground flash could indicate the occurrence of hailfall; the change of ground flash frequency was more consistent with the change trend of the area of high value area of liquid water content;and the echo height of 40 dBz had a good correlation with ground flash frequency.
Key wordsGround flash;Thunderstorms;Vertical liquid water content;Thunderstorm top height
雷电(也称为“闪电”)是雷暴天气中发生的一种长距离瞬时放电现象。自然界中1/3左右的雷电会击中地球,被称为地闪。雷电灾害一直是影响河南省以及我国的重要气象灾害,随着经济的发展,雷电灾害的发生频率和危害程度越来越大。关于闪电的研究一直是气象科学研究中比较活跃的分支领域。Soula等[1]、冯桂力等[2]研究发现降雹的雷暴正地闪比例通常较高,降雹阶段恰好对应着正地闪快速增加的阶段。袁铁等[3]研究我国华南一次强飑线过程的闪电活动及其与降水结构的关系发现,对流单体的最大雷达反射率垂直廓线可以很好地指示单体的闪电频数和对流发展强度。张一平等[4]对河南省强雷暴天气过程中雷达回波结构及闪电时空特征进行了细致分析。不仅不同类型强对流天气闪电活动特征不同,不同季节的天气过程也表现出不同的闪电特征。……
