顾娉婷

摘要[目的]监测2013—2019年慈溪市部分食品中脱氢乙酸添加情况，为排除食品安全隐患提供方向。[方法]从慈溪市近7年来抽检的各类食品，包括糕点、粮食制品、豆制品、蔬菜制品、饮料、调味品及肉制品7类样品共计706份，检测脱氢乙酸含量。[结果]688份符合食品安全标准，合格率达97.4%。7类食品中，豆制品、蔬菜制品、飲料、肉制品、调味品的样品结果均合格，糕点、粮食制品类存在超标样本，其中超标最严重的是淀粉制品，超标率达28.6%;其次是面条、饺子皮，超标率分别为11.1%，最后是年糕、面包和月饼，超标率分别为5.6%、4.0%和2.2%。[结论]粮食制品中脱氢乙酸超标情况比较常见，应加强监管。糕点类和酱腌菜类样品中检出率非常高，应严格控制使用量。

关键词脱氢乙酸;食品检测;粮食制品;慈溪市

中图分类号TS207.3文献标识码A

文章编号0517-6611（2020）04-0199-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.04.058

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Analysis of the Status of Dehydroacetic Acid（DHA）Residue in Some Foods of Cixi City during 2013-2019

GU Ping-ting（Food and Drug Inspection and Testing Center of Cixi，Cixi，Zhejiang 315300）

Abstract[Objective]To monitor the dehydroacetic acid（DHA） residue in some food in Cixi City during 2013-2019， in order to eliminate food safety issues. [Method]During nearly seven years in our city， dehydroacetic acid（DHA） residue in 706 samples of pastries， grain products， soybean products， vegetable products， beverages， condiments and meat products were detected. [Result]688 samples met the food safety standards， with a qualified rate of 97.4%. Among the 7 types of food， soybean products， vegetable products， beverages，meat products and condiments were all qualified， and part samples of pastries， grain products were found to exceed the standard.Among them， starch products were the most serious ones， with over-standard rates reaching 28.6%; followed by noodles and dumpling skins， with over-standard rates of 11.1%， and finally rice cakes， breads and moon cakes with over-standard rates of 5.6%， 4.0%， and 2.2%.[Conclusion]Dehydroacetic acid exceeding the standard in food products is relatively common， and supervision should be strengthened.The detection rate in pastry and pickled vegetables samples is very high， and the amount used should be strictly controlled.

Key wordsDehydroacetic acid（DHA）;Food testing;Grain product;Cixi City

脱氢乙酸是一种高效广谱防腐剂，其分子式为C8H8O4，其性状无色至白色针状，或板状结晶，或白色结晶粉末，无臭无味，易溶于固定碱的水溶液，能溶于苯、丙酮、甲醇，微溶于乙醇中，可抑制食品中的细菌﹑酵母菌﹑霉菌等微生物的生长，防止食品腐败变质。但脱氢乙酸对水的溶解度小，其盐类脱氢乙酸钠对水的溶解度较大，因此后者也常用来作为防腐剂。研究表明，与苯甲酸相比，脱氢乙酸对细菌的抑制作用强15～20倍，对霉菌的抑制作用强40～50倍，防腐效果好[1]。1998年，脱氢乙酸被列入我国食品添加剂在各类食品中使用，常用在糕点、肉制品、发酵豆制品、酱腌菜等食品中。……