钾肥用量对雪茄烟品种BES NO H382品质的影响
2020-03-31乔保明吴创田煜利伍发明刘学兵谭绍安闫永胜张启明时向东
乔保明 吴创 田煜利 伍发明 刘学兵 谭绍安 闫永胜 张启明 时向东



摘要 为探究不同钾肥用量对湖北来凤雪茄烟生长发育及发酵后烟叶质量的影响,以BES NO H382品种为材料,采用单一变量法进行大田试验,设置了 3个处理,研究钾肥施用量对雪茄烟的农艺性状、发酵后烟叶的矿质元素、烟叶常规化学成分、中性香气成分、物理特性、烟叶灰分含量 6 个方面的影响。结果表明,适量的钾肥对烟株长势具有促进作用,并能降低烟碱和总氮含量,增加氮碱比,提高烟叶灰分含量,提高燃烧性,提高烟叶平衡含水率和叶质重,增大叶厚以及拉力,降低烟叶含梗率等。研究表明,来凤雪茄烟施钾量为T2~T3处理效果最佳。
关键词 雪茄烟;钾肥;品质
中图分类号 S 572文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2020)04-0134-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.04.040
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Effect of Dosage of Potassium Fertilizer on the Quality of BES NO H382 Cigar
QIAO Bao-ming1, WU Chuang2, TIAN Yu-li1 et al
(1.Laifeng Branch of Enshi Tobacco Company, Laifeng, Hubei 445700;2.Tobacco College,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002)
Abstract To explore the effect of different dosage of potassium on growth and development of Hubei Laifeng cigar and quality of tobacco leaves after fermentation, the BES NO H382 cigar varieties was selected to do field experiment by single variable method, and four treatments were set up to study the effects of applying different potassium content on agronomic traits of tobacco,mineral elements after fermentation, chemical composition of tobacco leaf, the neutral aroma composition of tobacco leaves, the physical properties,and leaf tobacco ash content. The results showed that the amount of potassium fertilizer played a promoting role in the growth of tobacco plant, and reduced the content of nicotine and total nitrogen, increased nitrogen base ratio, increased ash content, increased the combustibility. It could improve equilibrium moisture and tobacco leaf weight, increase tobacco leaf thickness and tension, and decrease the stem rate of tobacco leaf. To integrate all kinds of factors, the dosage of potassium between treatment T2 and T3 had the best effect.
Key words Cigar;Potassium fertilizer;Quality
鉀作为植物体内重要的营养元素,是烟草吸收矿质元素中最多的,是肥料三要素之一。植物体内的含钾量一般占干物质重的0.2%~4.1%,仅次于氮。钾是雪茄烟重要的品质元素之一,不但能显著改善烟叶的燃烧性和烟叶香吃味,提高烟叶油分与弹性,还能降低烟叶焦油产生量,对提高烟叶的可用性起着重要作用[1-2]。但国内对钾肥的研究大多集中在烤烟上,而钾肥对雪茄品质影响的研究较少。笔者通过施用不同的钾肥量,探究钾肥对雪茄烟品质的影响,旨在为生产优质雪茄原料提供理论指导。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验地概况
试验于2017年4—9月在湖北来凤百福司镇廖家坝村进行……
