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低温弱光对工艺葫芦幼苗叶绿素荧光特性及光合特性的影响

2020-03-31赵燕张雪吕童呼忠婷

安徽农业科学 2020年4期

赵燕 张雪 吕童 呼忠婷

摘要  为了研究低温弱光对工艺葫芦幼苗叶绿素荧光特性及光合特性的影响,选用大八宝葫芦种子为试验材料,研究不同程度低温弱光胁迫对葫芦幼苗光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果表明,低温弱光下,叶绿素a+b含量、Pn、Gs、Tr、Fv/Fm、qP均下降;叶绿素a/b、细胞间CO2浓度随着低温弱光胁迫的加剧呈上升趋势;qN在中度低温弱光胁迫下,处理10 d后相比处理前增加了10.3%。

关键词  葫芦幼苗;低温弱光;光合作用;叶绿素荧光特性

中图分类号  S  63文献标识码  A

文章编号  0517-6611(2020)04-0049-04

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.04.015

开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Effects of  Low Temperature and Low Light on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Calabash Seedlings

ZHAO Yan , ZHANG Xue , L Tong  et al  (College of  Agronomy, Liaocheng  University,Liaocheng,   Shandong 252000  )

Abstract  In order to study the effect of low temperature and low light on chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic characteristics of calabash seedlings, seeds of big babao calabash were selected as experimental materials to study the effects of different degrees of low temperature and low light stress on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of calabash seedlings. The results showed that the content of chlorophyll a+b, Pn,Gs,Tr,Fv/Fm and qP decreased under low temperature and weak light. Chlorophyll a/b and intercellular CO2 concentration increased with low temperature and low light stress. Under moderate low temperature and low light stress, qN increased by 10.3% 10 days after treatment compared with before treatment.

Key words  Calabash seedling;Low temperature and weak light;Photosynthesis;Chlorophvll fluorescence

葫蘆(Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl)为葫芦科葫芦属植物,一年生爬蔓草本植物,雌雄同株。葫芦喜温,生育适温为白天25~33 ℃,夜晚13~15 ℃,昼夜温差10~19 ℃。地温以20~25 ℃为宜。种子发芽适温28~32 ℃,幼苗期适温为昼20~30 ℃,夜10~15 ℃。健壮植株冻死温度为0 ℃,如不经锻炼低于10 ℃可导致生理失调,低于3 ℃即可冻死。葫芦喜强光又耐弱光,最适光强为4.6万lx[1]。葫芦,谐音“福禄”。葫芦的茎称为“蔓”,“蔓”与“万”谐音,“蔓带”与“万代”谐音,是中华民族传统的吉祥物之一,深受广大民众喜爱。葫芦经艺人加工,可形成风格各异的工艺葫芦;本研究对向为专用于制作工艺品的葫芦,为突出其特点,故称其为“工艺葫芦”。“工艺葫芦”在春季定植时易遭受“倒春寒”影响,造成生育迟缓或低温障碍,导致其幼苗的生长情况不佳,继而影响结果质量,降低生产效益。低温是植物生产力的主要限制因素,会对植物造成复杂且多方面的影响;而对低温弱光最为敏感的指标是植物的光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性。……

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