提高金神农烤烟上部叶质量及工业可用性的关键生产技术
2020-03-31黄凯周波刘岱松王义伟苗春雨吕培军胡蓉
黄凯 周波 刘岱松 王义伟 苗春雨 吕培军 胡蓉
摘要 为提高金神农烤烟上部叶质量及工业可用性,总结了金神农烤烟产区多年生产经验和研究成果,系统集成了土壤保育与修复、平衡施肥、适时移栽、合理种植密度、合理打顶留叶、优化烟叶结构、上部叶烟碱调控、成熟期赤星病绿色防控、上部4~6片烟叶一次成熟采收、中温中湿变黄慢定色烘烤工艺等关键生产技术,以解决金神农烤烟上部叶烟碱含量过高、化学成分不协调、烟叶组织结构紧密等问题,改善其香气质和香吃味,提高金神农烤烟原料高质量供给水平。
关键词 金神农烤烟;上部烟叶;质量;工业可用性
中图分类号 S 572文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2020)04-0037-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.04.011
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Key Production Techniques to Improve the Quality and Industrial Availability of the Upper Leaves of Jinshennong Flue-cured Tobacco
HUANG Kai,ZHOU Bo,LIU Dai-song et al
(Shiyan Tobacco Company of Hubei Province,Shiyan, Hubei 442012)
Abstract In order to improve the quality of upper leaves of Gold Shennong flue-cured tobacco and industrial availability, we summarized the Gold Shennong flue-cured tobacco production areas for many years production experience and research results. The system integrated the soil conservation and restoration, balanced fertilization, transplanting at proper time, the reasonable planting density, reasonable timely multi-topping left lobe, structure optimization of leaf tobacco, nicotine regulation of upper leaves, green mature red star disease control and prevention, the top 4-6 pieces of leaf tobacco maturity and other key production technologies, in order to solve the problems of high nicotine content in upper leaves of Gold Shennong, the unharmonious chemical composition of tobacco leaves, and loose organization structure. This research aimed to improve quality and flavor of Gold Shennong flue-cured tobacco, and enhance the quality of raw materials for Gold Shennong flue-cured tobacco.
Key words Gold Shennong flue-cured tobacco; Upper leaves;Quality;Industrial availability
烤烟上部叶是烟叶产量和质量的重要组成部分[1]。上部烟叶具有香气浓郁、浓度厚实饱满的特点,对于塑造卷烟香气风格和缔造卷烟品质发挥着非常重要的作用[2]。质量好的上部烟叶在国内及国际市场十分畅销[3],国外许多卷烟配方上部烟叶占到整个烟叶使用率的40%。随着国内细支烟、短支烟和中支烟的快速发展,高香气、高浓度和高质量的上部烟叶越来越受卷烟工业的青睐。目前,金神农烤烟上部烟叶存在开片差、叶片厚、组织结构紧密、烟碱高、杂气重、刺激性强等问题,严重制约了上部烟叶的工业可用性。因此,笔者将十堰市烟草专卖局(公司)及其他科研人员的研究结果进行总结和归纳,系统集成了提升上部烟叶质量的关键技术,以期为改善和提高烤烟上部烟叶质量和工业可用性提供借鉴和参考。……
