马海容

摘 要：作者通过分析阅读课文的学习任务、设计目的及相应的阅读策略，有侧重地将习题或课文内容改编为思维导图，并将其用于课文分析、復述及相应的写作环节，逐步引导学生使用英语思维完成读写任务。

关键词：思维导图;阅读教学;应用

课文原文如下：

Cambridge，London and England

I come from Cambridge，a beautiful city in the east of England.It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120，000.My hometown is especially famous for its university.Many famous people studied here such as Issac Newton and Charles Darwin.There are lots of old buildings and churches to visit.Students and tourists enjoy trips along the river by boat.

Cambridge is 80 kilometers from London.London in the south of England and it is on the River Thames.It has a population of about seven and a half million，so it is bigger and busier than Cambridge.It is about 2000 years old，and it is famous for Big Ben，Buckingham Palace and Tower Bridge.

England itself is part of an island，so people are always near the sea.The small villages and beaches on the coast are always popular for holidays.Tourists like the areas of the low mountains and beautiful lakes in the north and the hills and the pretty villages in the south.Everywhere in England，you will notice how green the countryside is！

It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter.So come and see England anytime of the year，but bring an umbrella with you.You will need it most days.

本课是阅读课型，学生要完成读和写两个部分的学习任务，需要采用适当的阅读策略学习有关“剑桥”、“伦敦”和“英格兰”三地的具体信息。如果说阅读是输入，那么读后的写就是输出，读是写的铺垫，写是读的结果，以读促写，让学生真正学有所用，这也是编者的高明之处。为完成相应的教学目标，编者也设计了层层深入的六个学习任务，具体如下：

任务一：看英格兰的地图并且读句子。目的：自然习得地名以及方位表达法，为下文引入剑桥和伦敦在英格兰的具体方位做铺垫，阅读策略为边读边看;

任务二：读文章后看图选标题。目的：通过直观的图片引发学生的学习兴趣，并快速抓住剑桥的重点——剑桥大学和康河，同时思考“塔桥和泰晤士河究竟是属于剑桥呢还是属于伦敦？”。学生们可以一边猜一边快速阅读读文章第一、二段，快速选择标题，从而验证假设，原来塔桥和伦敦都是属于伦敦的。而这两个热身练习，也使学生们轻松地了解了剑桥和伦敦的方位及主要建筑物;

任务三：比较“剑桥”和“伦敦”的信息并填表，目的：通过四个小分类获取两地的具体信息，巩固了前两个任务中有关方位和主要建筑物的信息。……