王芸 沈菁

【摘要】 目的：观察Kegel训练护理干预对产后盆底肌功能障碍的影响。方法：选择2016年1月-2018年12月在笔者所在醫院就诊的盆底功能障碍产妇124例，根据随机数字的方法将患者分为观察组和对照组，每组62例。对照组予以常规护理，观察组在对照组的基础上予以Kegel训练护理干预。结果：观察组护理总有效率为95.16%，高于对照组的80.65%，差异有统计学意义（字2=4.854，P<0.05）。护理后观察组焦虑评分低于对照组，依从性评分、阴道持收缩时间、阴道静息压、阴道收缩压均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。护理前两组心理影响、行为限制及社会尴尬评分比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），护理后两组各项评分均高于护理前，且观察组高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。护理后观察组PFIQ-7、PFDI-20评分均低于对照组，产后盆底肌力浅Ⅰ、浅Ⅱ、深Ⅰ及深Ⅱ均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论：Kegel训练护理干预对产后盆底肌功能障碍疗效显著，促进患者盆底肌功能恢复，缓解患者焦虑，提高患者依从性和生活质量。

【关键词】 Kegel训练; 护理干预; 盆底肌功能障碍; 焦虑; 生活质量

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.27.039 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2019）27-00-03

Impact of Kegel Training and Nursing Intervention on Postpartum Pelvic Floor Muscle Dysfunction/WANG Yun，SHEN Jing.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2019，17（27）：-92

【Abstract】 Objective：To observe the impact of Kegel training and nursing intervention on postpartum pelvic floor muscle dysfunction.Method：A total of 124 patients with postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction who were admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number method，with 62 cases each group.The control group received routine nursing care，and the observation group was given Kegel training and nursing intervention on the basis of the control group.Result：The total effective rate of nursing in the observation group was 95.16%，which was higher than 80.65% in the control group，the difference was statistically significant（字2=4.854，P<0.05）.After nursing，the anxiety score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group，the compliance score，vaginal contraction time，vaginal resting pressure and vaginal systolic blood pressure were significantly higher than those of the control group（P<0.01）.There was no significant difference in psychological influence，behavior restriction and social embarrassment score between the two groups before nursing（P>0.05）.After nursing，the scores of the two groups were higher than those before nursing，and the observation group was higher than the control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.01）.After the nursing，the scores of PFQ-7 and PFDI-20 in the observation group were lower than those of the control group，postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength Ⅰ，shallow Ⅱ，deep Ⅰ and deep Ⅱ were higher than the control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.01）.Conclusion：Kegel training and nursing intervention has significant effects on postpartum pelvic floor muscle dysfunction，promote the recovery of pelvic floor muscle function，relieve anxiety，improve patient compliance and quality of life.

【Key words】 Kegel training; Nursing intervention; Pelvic floor muscle dysfunction; Anxiety; Quality of life

First-authors address：Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University，Shanghai 200090，China

女性產后常常会导致盆底功能障碍，导致患者术后尿失禁，可能与女性生产过程中损伤到盆底肌肉和神经[1]。当患者腹压增加时，会导致患者尿不自主流出，给患者带来不便，甚至会导致负面情绪和严重影响患者的生活质量[2]。产后有针对性的盆底肌功能进行训练，促进盆底肌张力的恢复，有效盆底肌功能障碍的发生。本组研究通过Kegel训练护理干预改善盆底肌肉功能取得较好的效果，现报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择2016年1月-2018年12月在笔者所在医院就诊的盆底功能障碍产妇124例。纳入标准：所有产妇均为单胎妊娠;孕周均为35～41周;新生儿体重为2.50～4.10 kg;产妇恶露已经干净;均符合产后盆底肌功能障碍的诊断标准。排除标准：非妊娠相关的盆底肌功能障碍;妊娠期高血压或者糖尿病;心脏，肝脏和肾脏等重要障碍功能障碍;有妊娠期合并症;血液性疾病和免疫性疾病。……