杨玉坤　罗家左　王德勋　户艳霞　范志勇　苏家恩

摘 要： 為进一步提高烤烟质量，以大理烟区云烟87、K326和红花大金元3个主栽烤烟品种的上部叶、中部叶和下部叶为研究对象，对其矿质元素含量与感官质量进行测定和评价，并采用灰色关联法对矿质元素与烟叶感官质量之间的关系进行分析。结果表明：（1）不同烤烟品种不同部位烟叶矿质元素的含量均有较大程度差异，3个品种的上部叶钙、镁、铜、锌、铁、锰、硼等7种元素，以及中部叶钙、镁、铜、锌、铁等5种元素含量均有显著差异。（2）各品种烤烟感官质量表现为中部叶优于下部叶与上部叶，上部叶的香气质、香气量、劲头与烟气浓度得分明显高于下部叶，而燃烧性与灰色得分明显低于下部叶；各感官质量指标在不同品种间有较大差异。（3）烤烟中不同的矿质元素中锌元素与感官质量中劲头的灰色关联度达到最大值，为0.558；硼元素对多种感官质量指标均有较大程度的影响。不同品种矿质元素的含量与感官质量差异较大，因此可以针对不同烤烟品种使用矿质元素肥料以促进烤烟对矿质元素的吸收，进而提高烤烟感官质量。

关键词：烤烟；品种；部位；矿质元素；感官质量；灰色关联分析

中图分类号：S517 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2018.07.014

Gray Correlation Analysis of Trace Elements with Sensory Quality of Tobacco in Dali

YANG Yukun1， LUO Jiazuo2， WANG Dexun3， HU Yanxia3， FAN Zhiyong3， SU Jiaen3

（1. Jianchuan Branch of Dali Prefecture Tobacco Company， Jianchuan， Yunnan 671300， China； 2 Weishan Branch， Dali Prefecture Tobacco Company， Weishan， Yunnan 672400， China； 3. Yunnan Tobacco Company Dali Company， Dali， Yunnan 671000， China）

Abstract： In order to further improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco， the upper leaves， middle leaves and lower leaves of 3 main flue-cured tobacco varieties （Yunyan 87， K326 and Honghua big gold yuan） in Dali tobacco area were studied. The contents of trace elements and sensory quality were measured and evaluated. The relationship between the trace elements and the sensory quality of tobacco leaves was analyzed by the grey correlation method. The results showed that： （1） the content of trace elements in tobacco leaves in different parts of different flue-cured tobacco varieties were significantly different. The contents of calcium， magnesium， copper， zinc， iron， manganese， boron in the upper leaves， as well as the contents of calcium， magnesium， copper， zinc and iron in the middle leaves were significantly different among 3 varieties. （2） The sensory quality of various varieties of flue-cured tobacco showed that the middle leaves were superior to the lower leaves and upper leaves. The aroma quality， the aroma quantity， the strength and the smoke concentration in the upper leaves were obviously higher than the lower leaves， while the burning and grey scores were obviously lower than the lower leaves. The sensory quality indexes were different in different varieties. （3） According to gray correlation analysis， the gray correlation degree between zinc element and the strength of sensory quality was highest， and the coefficient was 0.558， and the boron element had a great influence on various sensory quality indexes. The trace elements content and sensory quality were different in different varieties， so microelement fertilizer could be used to promote the absorption of trace elements in different flue-cured tobacco varieties and improve the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco.

Key words： flue-cured tobacco； varieties； parts； mineral elements； sensory quality；gray correlation analysis

矿物元素是烤烟生长必需的营养元素，不仅对维持烟株的正常生理代谢和酶活性至关重要[1-3]，而且有些致香成分就是部分矿质元素参与的代谢产物或中间产物合成的[4-5]，同时对烤烟质量的彰显也有较大的影响[6-8]，因此，烤烟矿质元素的含量对提高烟叶质量有较大意义。……