魏剑　许晓静　赵立伟　王素君

摘 要：以渤海新区南疏港盐池土改良为例，阐述了采用农作物秸秆、园林肥、山皮砂、脱硫石膏等改良材料并结合灌溉洗盐、栽植园林植物等方式进行原位改良的方法。试验设置Tree、Mid和Test 3个处理，以未改良的原土区作为对照（CK），在常规养护管理状况下，通过对可溶性盐分、pH值和容重分析得出：在实施后，从短期土壤表现来看，Mid处理土壤含盐量降幅最大，其0～30 cm、30～60 cm和60～90cm分别降低了80%，73%和62%，然后依次是Tree、Test和CK；各处理pH值均呈先降低后上升的趋势，但总体均在8.5以下；改良后各处理0～20 cm土壤容重均显著低于CK，其他土层Tree和Test处理亦显著低于CK，而Mid处理与CK相当。综合而言，试验所设3个处理降盐降碱和改善土壤物理性状效果显著。

关键词：盐池土壤；原位改良；农作物秸秆

中图分类号：S156.4 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2018.07.018

PreliMinary Study on In-situ Improvement Test of Salt Pond Soil in Bohai New Area

WEI Jian1， XU Xiaojing2， ZHAO Liwei3， WANG Sujun3

（1.Tianjin North Ecology Environment Institute， Tianjin 300300， China； 2.Tianjin Sinolight United Invent Environmental Technology Development Company Limited， Tianjin 300300， China；3.Jinglan North Garden （Tianjin） Company Limited， Tianjin 300300， China）

Abstract：Taking bohai district nanshu port salt pond soil improvement as an example， the paper expounded the in-situ improvement method by using improved materials such as crop straw， garden fertilizer， sand， and desulfurization gypsum combined with irrigation washing salt and planting garden plants. 3 treatments were set up， including Tree， Mid and Test， and the original soil area was as control （CK）， the soluble salt， pH and bulk density were analyzed during routine maintenance and management situation. The results showed that after the implementation， from the point of short-term soil performance， the soil salinity had the largest decline at Mid treatment， in which the soil salinity in 0～30 cm， 30～60 cm， and 60～90 cm were reduced by 80%， 73% and 62%， respectively， and then were Tree， Test and CK in turn. The pH value of each treatment showed a trend of decreasing first and then rising， but the overall pH value was below 8.5. After improvement， the soil bulk density of 0～20 cm in each treatment was significantly lower than CK， and in the other soil layers， Tree and Test treatments were also significantly lower than CK， while Mid treatment was similar to CK. In summary， the three treatments had significant effects on reducing salt and alkali， and improving the soil physical properties.

Key words：soil salt pond； In-situ improvements； crop straw

近年來，随着经济的快速发展，城市建设对土地资源的需求日益增大，渤海地区开始尝试在高盐浓度土壤上开展绿化工程，其中废弃的盐池是高盐浓度的土壤之一。渤海新区的废弃盐池含盐量很高，最高达4.7%，极高的盐分导致了其上的植被覆盖几乎为零，生态环境非常恶劣。总结前人盐碱土改良经验，在工程实践中将物理、化学、生物改良盐碱土的方式综合利用使得重度盐渍土得以再次利用。王遵亲[1]曾在著作中提到防治盐碱化应本着将利用与改良相结合，水利工程和农业生物措施相结合，淋洗土壤盐分和提高土壤肥力相结合的原则进行改良。如天津……