靶向乙肝病毒核心蛋白治疗慢性乙型肝炎的研究进展
2018-09-17戴胜兰姚俊许亚平
戴胜兰 姚俊 许亚平
[摘要] 乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)核心蛋白是HBV核衣壳的组成部分,参与病毒包装、病毒成熟以及病毒向细胞外释放等过程,具有cccDNA调节功能并参与诱导机体免疫反应。本文就HBV核心蛋白的结构、功能以及在HBV治疗中的研究进展等方面,综述了近年来靶向HBV核心蛋白治疗慢性乙型肝炎的研究现状,表明核心蛋白质变构调节剂(CpAMs)可作为抗HBV药物直接靶向HBV核心蛋白而干扰其活性,利用HBV核心蛋白为靶抗原诱导HBV特异性免疫反应具有抗HBV及免疫调节作用,以期为慢性乙型肝炎的治疗发展提供参考。
[关键词] 乙型肝炎病毒;慢性乙型肝炎;核心蛋白;共价闭合环状DNA;免疫反应
[中图分类号] R512.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)08(a)-0035-04
[Abstract] Hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein is an integral part of HBV nucleocapsid, which is involved in viral packaging, viral maturation and viral releasing to the outside of cells. Core protein participates in regulation of cccDNA function and the induction of immune responses. This paper summarizes the research progress of targeting hepatitis B virus core protein in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in recent years, starting from the structure and function of HBV core protein and the progress in the treatment of HBV. All of these indicate that core protein allosteric modulators (CpAMs) can directly interfere with the activity of HBV core protein as anti-HBV drugs, and the use of HBV core protein as a target antigen to induce HBV-specific immune responses has anti-HBV and immunomodulatory effects.These provide a theoretical reference for the development of treatment for chronic hepatitis B.
[Key words] Hepatitis B virus; Chronic hepatitis B; Core protein; Covalently closed circular DNA; Immune response
慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)是由乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染引起的肝臟慢性炎症性疾病。据统计,全世界约有2.4亿慢性HBV感染者,每年约有50万人死于CHB相关的并发症(如肝硬化和肝细胞癌等)[1]。当前使用的抗病毒药物主要为核苷(酸)类似物和干扰素-α,可以有效抑制HBV增殖,减缓乙型肝炎患者的发病进程,但由于不能作用于共价闭合环状DNA(covalently closed circular DNA,cccDNA),很难彻底清除病毒[2]。HBV核心蛋白是HBV核衣壳的组成部分,具有重要的生物学特性和功能,在T细胞和B细胞水平上,HBV核心蛋白的抗原性较乙型肝炎e抗原(hepatitis B e antigen,HbeAg)强100倍,几乎所有HBV感染者都产生HBV核心抗体(hepatitis B virus core antibody,HBcAb),同时存在T细胞免疫应答,机体对核心蛋白的免疫应答在清除HBV过程中具有重要作用[3]。因此HBV核心蛋白已成为抗HBV治疗的重要而有前景的干预目标。本文针对HBV核心蛋白的结构、功能以及在HBV治疗中的研究进展进行综述。……
