科研经费支出分配与预算管理研究
2018-08-30王明丽吴丹
王明丽 吴丹
[摘要] 科技科研经费合理支出分配与预算管理是完善科技经费管理制度的有效途径与手段,精准把握财政科技科研经费支出预算管理投入策略、方向、经费支出及统筹分配与发展趋势,引领科技研发优势转化实际生产力和增长国民经济发展,已是当今科技、科研创新发展研讨的核心。本研究对国际、国内及区域间科技科研经费投入与支出数据占比值进行分析,依据科研经费的分配原则及特点,分析经费支出的投入现状、存在问题、发展趋势以及科技科研经费预算管理研究的实际意义,以期为经费预算管理研究以及政府对科技、科研经费支出占比投入的支持提供依据。
[关键词] 科技经费支出;分配原则;预算管理
[中图分类号] F275.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)05(b)-0168-05
Research on the disbursement and budget management of scientific research expenditure
WANG Mingli WU Dan
Finance Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huhhot 010030, China
[Abstract] It is an effective way to improve the system of scientific research expenditure to make the disbursement and budget management rationally. It is the core of the development of modern science and scientific innovation to learn about the strategy, direction and the development trend of the expenditure accurately, transfer the advantages of scientific and technological research and development into actual productivity, and improve the development of national economy. This article analyzes the international, domestic and interregional data of the ratio between the input and the expenditure of scientific research. Based on the disbursement principles and features, this article is expected to provide a basis for the research of expenditure management and the government support of scientific research input by analyzing the current situation, existence problems, development trend and signification of the budget management of scientific research expenditure.
[Key words] Scientific research expenditure; Disbursement principles; Budget management
科技、科研经费支出是国家用于保障科学技术研究和新课题项目发展试验的专项资金经费。科技、科研经费支出预算管理体系是国家财政预算管理政策体制的重要组成部分,是财政预算在国家科技、科研范畴内的细化和延伸,财政仍是科技、科研投入的主体[1]。科技创新与发展是影响经济社会发展与进步的重要因素,没有任何一个国家可以做到不关心和不干预,不或多或少地给予科技投入与支持[2]。科技科研经费预算管理及精准投入,反映经费支出科学分布和对创新性学科项目有效的经费预算支持规模和预期支持方向,对未来构建科研项目实验设施及重大科技科研项目的启动提供经费支持与准备。……
