尚岗一号隧道软弱围岩施工技术
2018-07-18李成业
李成业
摘要:隧道软弱围岩强度低、自稳能力差,开挖后隧道周边产生较大的松动圈,常因工程措施和施工方法不当引发初期支护变形侵限和隧道坍方等工程问题。尚岗一号隧道软岩地层主要有泥岩、砂岩等,有微膨胀性。软岩隧道施工中存在的主要问题是变形大、易坍塌、进度慢,软岩变形侵限、塌方处理时间长、安全隐患大。因此软岩隧道施工首先是控制变形和预防坍塌,其次是加快施工进度。
Absrtact: The weak surrounding rock of the tunnel has low strength and poor self-stability. After the excavation, there is a large loose circle around the tunnel. Engineering problems such as initial support deformation and tunnel collapse are often caused by improper engineering measures and construction methods. The soft rock strata of Shanggang No. 1 Tunnel are mainly mudstone, sandstone and so on.The main problems in soft rock tunnel construction are large deformation, easy to collapse, slow progress, soft rock deformation, long time to deal with collapse and large hidden danger of safety.Therefore, the construction of soft rock tunnel is to control deformation and prevent collapse first, and then to accelerate the construction progress.
关键词:软弱围岩;变形;坍塌;预防
Key words: soft surrounding rock;deformation;collapse;prevention
中图分类号:U45 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2018)16-0139-03
0 引言
当前,随着一轮一轮铁路建设项目的开工,长大隧道和高风险隧道的修建将会越来越多,西南地区隧道软岩地层频繁出现,隧道施工中存在的安全隐患应引起施工设计的高度重视,采取有效的管理和技术措施避免事故的发生是隧道工作者最为关心的问题,本文针对尚岗一号隧道隧道的施工,仅从施工技术方案选择、施工措施方面谈一些建议,以期对软弱围岩的施工设计起到指导作用。
1 工程概况
玉磨铁路21标段位于云南省勐腊县勐腊镇及尚勇镇内,工程所承担的隧道施工主要工程量为单线隧道5座15003延长米。最长隧道尚岗一号隧道长5790m,是标段的控制性工程,隧道最大埋深480m。地层岩性主要为砂岩、泥岩,岩层节理发育、挤压破碎、断裂构造及牵引褶曲较发育、整体性差围岩富含水,岩体遇水软化严重,隧道涌水量12000m3/d,雨季最大涌水量14400m3/d,围岩等级为Ⅳ、Ⅴ级围岩。隧道主要的不良地质为滑坡、坍塌、顺层偏压、,特殊岩土为软土(岩)、膨胀岩、石膏及盐岩。……
