大学英语阅读中的母语因素分析
2018-06-05雷雪莲王玲
雷雪莲 王玲
摘 要 母语在外语学习中兼具正面和负面的影响。而在大学英语阅读中,汉语阅读的迁移作用依然存在。研究者选取南昌师范学院的部分本科生为研究样本,通过英语教学实验发现,阅读技能的迁移必须以受试学生的外语水平为依托,受试学生的汉语阅读技能训练有待加强,尚需将学生的英汉语阅读技能的迁移渠道拓宽。研究结果认为,在大学英语教学中,教师要注意克服母语的负迁移影响,并尽量利用母语的正迁移作用来促进英语语言知识和技能的学习,进而提升教学效果。
关键词 迁移 阅读速度 阅读理解 阅读技能
中图分类号:G642 文献标识码:A DOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkx.2018.02.031
Abstract Mother tongue has both positive and negative effects on foreign language learning. In college English reading, the role of Chinese reading still exists. Researchers selected part of undergraduates of Nanchang Teachers College as research samples and found through English teaching experiments that the relocation of reading skills must be based on the foreign language proficiency of the tested students. The training of Chinese reading skills needs to be strengthened, English and Chinese reading skills to broaden the channels of migration. The result shows that in college English teaching, teachers should pay attention to overcoming the negative influence of mother tongue and try their best to promote the learning of English language knowledge and skills by using the positive migration of mother tongue, so as to enhance the teaching effect.
Keywords migrate; reading speed; reading comprehension; reading skills
外語教学中颇具争议的问题之一即是母语的作用。而各教学法流派对于是否外语课上使用母语这一问题各执一词。历来的翻译法学派及认知教学法流派赞同使用母语。而且翻译法由于历史悠久,尤其主张依靠母语, 但翻译法也有明显的缺陷,因其过于强调传授语言知识,而忽略了培养学习者的实际语用能力,因而遭受批评,甚至被否定。上个世纪60年代认知教学法流派提出赞成使用母语, 特别强调借用学习者已经掌握的母语知识,并设定了在不同外语学段学习者采用母语的大体比例。直接教学法(Direct Instruction)与听说法(Audio-Lingual Way)等学派则非常排斥翻译手段,极端派甚至严厉抵制在外语课堂中采用母语。
本文作者在高校的英语教学实践中发现有相当比例的学生过于忽略了其母语的学习,原因之一是来自应试、毕业及就业等的压力。……
