王锦娣

【摘要】 目的 探讨健康教育运用于小儿先天性心脏病护理中的效果。方法 80例小儿先天性心脏病患儿， 随机分为对照组与研究组， 每组40例。对照组采用常规护理， 研究组则在常规护理基础上加以健康教育。观察比较两组干预效果。结果 治疗前， 两组患儿护理员对饮食指导、康复指导、护理指导、用药指导以及注意事项等了解程度评分比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；治疗后， 研究组患儿护理员对饮食指导、康复指导、护理指导、用药指导以及注意事项等了解程度评分显著优于对照组患儿护理员， 差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组患儿护理员对临床护理满意度95.00%显著高于对照组患儿护理员的80.00%， 差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 将健康教育运用于小儿先天性心脏病护理中有显著的干预效果， 能显著使患儿护理员对病情了解程度加深， 以及提高临床护理满意度。

【关键词】 健康教育；小儿先天性心脏病；护理

DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2018.10.088

【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the effect of health education in nursing of pediatric congenital heart disease. Methods A total of 80 children with congenital heart disease were randomly divided into control group and research group， with 40 cases in each group. The control group received conventional nursing， and the research group received health education on the basis of conventional nursing. The intervention effect in two groups was observed and compared. Results Before treatment， the nursing staff of both groups had no statistically significant difference in understanding degree score of diet guidance， rehabilitation guidance， nursing guidance， medication guidance and precautions （P>0.05）. After treatment， the nursing staff of research group had obviously higher understanding degree score of diet guidance， rehabilitation guidance， nursing guidance， medication guidance and precautions than the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Nursing staff of research group had obviously higher satisfaction on clinical nursing as 95.00% than 80.00% in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Application of health education shows remarkable intervention effect in nursing of pediatric congenital heart disease， and it can make nursing staff better understand the condition of the disease and improve the satisfaction on clinical nursing.

【Key words】 Health education； Pediatric congenital heart disease； Nursing

小兒先天性心脏病是一种由于患儿在胎儿时期心脏以及血管发育异常导致的先天畸形疾病[1， 2]。虽然该病发病率较低， 每年平均发病率<1/100， 但是严重的先天性心脏病使患儿出生后存活率极低， 患儿往往在出生后数周或数月死亡[3， 4]。

而目前临床上多采用手术治疗来矫正畸形， 而由于患儿群体普遍年龄小， 对该病理解能力有限， 因此有必要采取特别的健康教育护理使患儿更好的进行治疗。本文选取80例小儿先天性心脏病患儿为研究对象， 分为对照组与研究组， 并对临床效果进行对比、分析， 现将结果报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料 本研究选取2015～2016年本院收治的80例小儿先天性心脏病患儿作为研究对象， 所有患儿均为社会弃婴， 通过民政部“明天计划”或全国各类爱心组织为患儿进行手术， 手术完成后接回本院进行护理；其……