新生儿社区获得性肺炎的临床特征分析
2018-03-02包克珍许云丽
包克珍+许云丽
摘 要:目的 分析新生儿社区获得性肺炎的临床资料,为今后的临床诊治提供参考。方法 对2014年1月~2016年12月在我院儿科住院的132例新生儿社区获得性肺炎的临床表现、实验室检查、影像学特征、治疗及预后进行回顾性分析。结果 临床表现多样化,症状以气促最常见,其次为咳嗽、呛奶、吐奶,体征以发绀为最多见,其次为肺部湿啰音、三凹征、鼻翼扇动。痰细菌培养阳性率为32.58%,G-菌占57.78%,G+菌占44.22%,前三位依次为大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及阴沟肠杆菌。X线胸片以斑片状阴影、点状阴影多见。结论 新生儿社区获得性肺炎临床表现缺乏特异性,需结合X线胸片综合分析,早期诊断,及时治疗。
关键词:社区获得性肺炎;新生儿;三凹征;痰细菌培养
中图分类号:R563.1 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.02.072
文章编号:1006-1959(2018)02-0184-02
Abstract:Objective To analyze the clinical data of neonatal community-acquired pneumonia and provide reference for future clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical manifestations,laboratory tests,imaging features,treatment and prognosis of 132 newborns with community-acquired pneumonia who were hospitalized in our pediatric department from January 2014 to December 2016.Results Diversification of clinical manifestations,the most common symptoms of shortness of breath,followed by cough,choking milk,spit milk,signs of cyanosis is the most common,followed by pulmonary wet rales,three concave signs,nose flap.The positive rate of sputum bacterial culture was 32.58%,G- bacteria accounted for 57.78%,G+bacteria accounted for 44.22%.The top three followed by Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter cloacae.X-ray to patchy shadows,punctate shadows more common.Conclusion The clinical manifestations of community-acquired pneumonia in neonates are not specific and need to be combined with X-ray analysis,early diagnosis and timely treatment.
Key words:Community-acquired pneumonia;Neonates;Three-recess sign;Sputum bacterial culture
社区获得性肺炎指原本健康的儿童在院外获得的感染性肺炎,包括感染了具有明确潜伏期的病原体而在入院后潜伏期内发病的肺炎。新生儿由于免疫功能低下和肺发育不成熟等原因,易患肺炎。新生儿社区获得性肺炎是新生儿死亡的重要原因,为了提高对该病的认识,我们对132例新生儿社区获得性肺炎的临床资料进行了回顾性分析,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料 选取2014年1月~2016年12月在我院儿科住院的新生儿社区获得性肺炎132例。新生儿社区获得性肺炎的诊断标准[1]:全部病例符合以下4项中的3项,但必须包含第3项及第 4项:①咳嗽、痰鸣、气促伴或不伴发热、黄疸等症状;……
