黄秀芳 许妙灵 林秀铭

[摘要] 目的 研究心理干预对急性心肌梗死患者行急诊PCI术后心理、生理康复的影响。 方法 方便选取该院自2016年11月—2018年2月心内科收治的76例急性心肌梗死行急诊PCI患者，按随机表法分为对照组和观察组，各38例，对照组采用术后常规治疗，观察组采用术后常规治疗+心理干预治疗，对两组患者治疗前及治疗后的心理状况和生活质量进行评估。结果 两组治疗前的SAS 、SDS和各项SF-36评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），治疗后第2周观察组的SAS （40.59±4.12）分和SDS（48.38±3.71）分均明显低于对照组[（46.47±4.63）分，（55.46±3.92）分]，差异有统计学意义（t=5.848，8.086，P<0.05）；治疗后第6周观察组的各项SF-36评分均明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对行急诊PCI治疗的急性心肌梗死患者进行心理干预，能够有效降低患者的焦虑抑郁，使其生活质量得到提升。

[关键词] 急性心肌梗死；心理干预；焦虑；抑郁；生活质量

[中图分类号] R54 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2018）10（c）-0131-03

[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of psychological intervention on psychological and physical rehabilitation of patients with acute myocardial infarction after emergency PCI. Methods 76 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the hospital from November 2016 to February 2018 were convenient selected and enrolled in the emergency PCI. They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group， 38 cases in each group. For routine treatment， the observation group was treated with postoperative routine treatment + psychological intervention， and the psychological status and quality of life of the two groups before and after treatment were evaluated. Results There were no significant differences in SAS， SDS， and SF-36 scores between the two groups before treatment （P>0.05）， SAS （40.59±4.12）points and SDS （48.38±3.71）points were observed in the observation group at 2 weeks after treatment. The results were significantly lower than the control group （46.47±4.63）points， （55.46±3.92）points]， the difference was statistically significant （t=5.848， 8.86， P<0.05）； the SF-36 scores of the observation group were obvious at the 6th week after treatment. The control group was higher than the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Psychological intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing emergency PCI can effectively reduce anxiety and depression and improve their quality of life.

[Key words] Acute myocardial infarction； Psychological intervention； Anxiety； Depression； Quality of life

急性心肌梗死是由于冠狀动脉发生急性、长时间缺血、缺氧所导致心肌出现坏死。近些年来，我国老年人口比例逐渐增大，急性心肌梗死的发病率随之上升[1]。目前，大部分的急性心肌梗死采用经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（percutaneous coronary intervention，PCI），患者在术后不仅会在生理上产生疼痛，还会出现抑郁、焦虑、恐惧等负面的心理反应，因此丧失治疗的信心、生活质量也受到严重的影响[2]。有效的心理干预成为改善患者预后关键的一环。该研究采用心理干预治疗自2016年11月—2018年2月的76例急性心肌梗死行急诊PCI患者，并对其心理、生理康复状况进行分析总结，为今后相关疾病的治疗提供科学依据，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

方便选取该院心内科收治的76例急性心肌梗死行急诊PCI患者，所有患者均经过临床检查诊断为急性心肌梗死，按随机表法分为对照组和观察组，各38例。对……