刘万裕

摘 要 高职院校大学上创新创业是市场经济条件下的产物。“一带一路”背景下，我国经济格局正在经历深刻调整，高职院校学生特别是“一带一路”沿线省份高职院校学生如何适应经济环境变化，顺应时代潮流和发展要求，提升创新创业能力，值得我们思考。本文在深入分析“一带一路”给高职院校大学上创业带来的影响的基础上，着力探究了当前高职院校大学上就业创业现状，并针对当前存在的问题，对提升高职院校学生创新创业能力提出了几点建议。

关键词 一带一路 高职院校 创新创业能力 实践

中图分类号：G712 文献标识码：A DOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkx.2018.10.087

Research and Practice on the Improvement of Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ability in Higher Vocational Colleges under the Background of One Belt and One Road Initiative

LIU Wanyu

（Guangdong Polytechnic of Industry and Commerce， Guangzhou， Guangdong 510510）

Abstract Innovation and entrepreneurship in higher vocational colleges is a product of market economy. Under the background of One Belt and One Road， China's economic structure is undergoing profound adjustment. Students from higher vocational colleges， especially in the provinces along the Belt and Road， how to adapt to changes in the economic environment， adapt to the trend of the times and development requirements， enhance the ability of innovation and entrepreneurship， it is worth thinking about. Based on an in-depth analysis of the impact of One Belt and One Road Initiative on the entrepreneurship of higher vocational colleges， this paper focuses on the current status of employment and entrepreneurship in higher vocational colleges， and on the current problems， to improve the students of higher vocational colleges. Suggestions for innovation and entrepreneurship have been put forward.

Keywords One Belt and One Road； vocational college； innovation and entrepreneurship ability； practice

1 创新创业的内涵

所谓的创新，就是一种全新的思维模式，而创业则意味着有一种新的事业生成。相较而言，创业的过程更为复杂，需要创业者发现创业机会，并寻求实现潜在的经济和社会价值。创业既可以是一种经济活动，也可以是一种管理方式，它需要有创新能力和创新精神的带动。创新的影响力对创业的成败与否有着重要的影响。

创业能力更多反映一个人的综合素质，它要求学生将所学知识运用到创业过程中，在实践中用创新的方法分析问题、解决问题，创造新成果，产生新价值。创新能力则是包括创新思维、创新意识、创新技能等因素在内的一种综合能力。总的来看，创业能力对学生的要求更高。

2 “一带一路”给就业创业带来的影响

2.1 “一带一路”推动了大学生在发展相对落后地区的就业创业