邝海东+王晓燕

摘 要 目的：研究近5年本社區体检人群慢性病患病分布特征及与饮酒的关系。方法：选取本社区近5年参加体检的4 560人的信息，平均年龄（39.23±3.86）岁，其中男性2 200人，女性2 360人。分析近5年检人群慢性病患病分布特征的影响，采用Logistics回归分析饮酒状况与慢性病的关系。结果：总的慢性病患病率为35.09%，其中男性患病率为34.00%，女性为36.06%，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；循环系统慢性病的患病率为28.20%，消化系统慢性病患病率为21.60%，内分泌代谢类慢性病患病率为15.55%，呼吸系统慢性病为9.10%，性别间的差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。饮酒者中慢性病总患病率显著高于不饮酒者（P<0.01）；其中循环系统、消化系统、内分泌代谢类以及呼吸系统慢性病等患病率分别为50.69%、36.03%、26.81%、以及26.47%，均高于不饮酒者（P<0.01）。经Logistics回归分析，饮酒与循环系统疾病、消化系统疾病、内分泌代谢类疾病以及呼吸系统疾病患病之间的OR值分别为1.047、2.988、1.077、和1.034，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：循环系统慢性病是社区人群主要疾病，饮酒会增加慢性病的患病风险。

关键词 慢性病；分布特征；饮酒；关联

中图分类号：R195.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2017）12-0052-04

Distribution characteristics of the chronic diseases of the physical examination population and the relationship with drinking in recent 5 years in a community

KUANG Haidong， WANG Xiaoyan

（Changfeng Community Health Service Center of Putuo District， Shanghai 200052， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To investigate the distribution characteristics of the chronic diseases and their relationship with drinking of the physical examination population in near 5 years in a community. Methods： The information of 4 560 people who participated in the physical examination in the community in near 5 years was selected， the average age was （39.23±3.86） years old， of whom the male was 2 200， and the female was 2 360. The distribution characteristics of their chronic diseases in near 5 years were analyzed， and logistics regression was used to analyze the relationship between drinking and chronic diseases. Results： The total prevalence rate of the chronic diseases was 35.09%， among them the prevalence rate of the male was 34%， that of the female was 36.06%， and the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. The chronic disease prevalence rate of circulatory system was 28.20%， the chronic disease prevalence rate of the digestive system was 21.60%， the chronic disease prevalence rate of endocrine and metabolic disease was 15.55%， the chronic disease prevalence rate of respiratory disease was 9.10%， and the difference between the sexes was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. The total prevalence rates of chronic diseases of drinkers were significantly higher than those of non drinkers （P<0.01）， among them the prevalence rates of circulatory system， digestive system， endocrine metabolism and chronic respiratory diseases of the drinkers were 50.69%， 36.03%， 26.81%， and 26.47%， respectively， which were higher in the drinkers than those in the non drinkers（P<0.01）. By logistic regression analysis， the OR values of drinking between prevalence of circulatory system disease， digestive system disease， endocrine and metabolic diseases and diseases of the respiratory system were 1.047， 2.988， 1.077 and 1.034， and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion： Circulatory system chronic disease is the main disease in the community population， and drinking increases the risk of the chronic disease.

KEY WORDS chronic disease； distribution characteristic； drinking； correlation

慢性非傳染性疾病（noninfectious chronic disease，NCD），也就是我们常说的慢性病，是临床上具有相似特征的一组疾病的总称，主要包括心脑血管疾病、糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病以及恶性肿瘤等[1]。其特点病程长、病因复杂。它不仅对人们的健康造成严重的损害，而且还间接影响其家庭及社会[2-4]。随着我国经济和社会的发展，加之人们的工作压力以及生活方式饮食方式的变化，疾病谱也在随之发生变化，心脑血管疾病、高脂血症、糖尿病等慢性病的患病和发病正在逐年增高。

慢性病的猖獗也同饮酒行为存在关联，饮酒已经成为了当今全球性的公共卫生问题，已引起世界各国的广泛关注。研究显示成人饮酒者在很多地区和国家主要来自于社交性饮酒者，而问题饮酒者和酒精依赖者也分别占较大比重；另外……