精准扶贫推动下西盟米荞产业发展现状调查
2017-07-13王齐伲罗王琳郑详师春娟
王齐 伲罗 王琳 郑详 师春娟



摘要 通過对西盟米荞产业发展现状的调研,分析了米荞产地的自然概况、重点乡镇近几年的种植情况、种植效益,结合对西盟县新农村建设及精准扶贫的实践与观察,对米荞产业发展前景及存在问题进行分析,并结合自身的认识和理解,提出一些看法和建议,强调强化组织领导和科技推广力度,建设标准化示范基地,重视产地保护工作,注重品牌建设,以及打通产销渠道。
关键词 西盟;新农村建设;米荞;调查
The Present Situation Investigation of Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.Industry Development Promoted by Precise Poverty Alleviation in Ximeng
WANG Qi1,NI Luo1,WANG Lin1,SHI Chun-juan2* et al (1.Yunnan Forestry Technological College,Kunming,Yunnan 650224; 2.Yunnan Academy of Forest,Kunming,Yunnan 650201)
Abstract Through the investigation of the development status of Ximeng Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.industry,the natural situation,the origin of the villages and towns in recent years,and the planting benefit of Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.were analyzed.Combined with the practice and observation to Ximeng new rural reconstruction and precise poverty alleviation,the prospects and the existing problems of Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.industry development were analyzed.And some views and suggestions were put forward combined with their own understanding,which emphasized strengthening organizational leadership and promotion of science and technology,building standardized demonstration bases,paying attention to protection of origin,paying attention to brand building and opening up production and marketing channels.
Key words Ximeng;New rural reconstruction;Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.;Investigation
贫困山区的新农村建设是整个新农村建设的一个难点,尤其对于西盟这样的偏远山区,人口稀少,经济落后,社会发展相对滞后,科技水平低下,发展其特色产业无疑是发展经济、脱贫致富的有效手段之一。
米荞是西盟县独有的一个荞麦品种,是苦荞类中一年生草本植物,喜凉爽湿润气候,因其籽粒经加工后形状像小米而得名。米质较软,属荞麦中的优质品种之一,株高60~137 cm;茎粗0.30~0.45 cm;茎直立分散,质柔软,幼时多汁,节间有成列细毛,叶戟形,叶腋或茎端着生总状无花序,异型花,花白色或淡绿色,基部有蜜腺,瘦果,二棱卵圆形,棱角锐。单株总粒数80~300粒,子粒重12.5~13.0 g,生育期80~85 d,平均单产900~1 200 kg/hm2。不耐霜,耐湿,抗病虫害,可控制杂草滋生,培肥地力,为晚秋补种作物[1]。
西盟米荞因其具有食用、药用、经济等多重价值而被作为特色产业发展[2],在2003年中国(昆明)粮油食品及设备交易会上获得优秀产品奖;2009年经农业部农产品质量安全中心审定,西盟米荞获得无公害农产品认证;……
