潘选明 苗宜俐

摘要 随着人类社会的发展，城镇化过程是人类发展必经的道路，是人类文明高度发展的标志。现阶段我国城镇化水平远低于经济发展水平，农村存在大量剩余劳动力，在此背景下，党的十八大提出了“以人为本”的新型城镇化理念，其符合我国现阶段的发展状况，大力推进城镇化进程有助于农村剩余劳动力的转移。以新型城镇化为研究背景，阐述我国农村剩余劳动力转移的现状以及存在的问题，并提出改革城乡二元结构、完善社会保障体系、加强农村剩余劳动力教育培训以及加快城镇化进程等对策。

关键词 新型城镇化 ； 农村剩余劳动力转移 ； 农民工

中图分类号 S-9 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）13-0242-02

Rural Surplus Labor Transferring Problems Based on the Perspective of New Urbanization

PAN Xuan-ming MIAO Yi-li

（Management College Southwest Minzu University，Chengdu ，Sichuan 610041）

Abstract With the development of human society ，it was necessary to experience process of urbanization ，process of urbanization was sign of highly developed human civilization.Urbanization level was far lower than economic development level at present.There was a lot of rural surplus labor force .Under the background ，new urbanization concept "people-oriented"was proposed at 18th Party Congress.It was accord with development situation of China.Promoting process of urbanization was helpful to transfer rural surplus labor force.Taking new urbanization as research background，present situation and existing problems of rural surplus labor force were described.The following countermeasures were put forward ：reforming urban and rural dualistic structure ，improving social security system，enhancing education training of rural surplus labor force，accelerating process of urbanization.

Key words New urbanization；Rural surplus labor force；Peasant workers

20世纪80年代以来，我国城镇化得到飞速发展，城镇化率由1980年末的19.39%增长到2015年末的56.10%，年均增长1.05百分点。近几年来，我国经济下行压力加大，2015年GDP增长率同比增长6.90%，2016年前3季度GDP同比增长6.70%，十八大报告中也多次提到加快推进城镇化进程是推动经济增长的“四驾马车”之一，可见城镇化建设对于经济增长的贡献率。推进城镇化建设必然要求农村剩余劳动力不断向城镇转移，农村剩余劳动力的转移有利于推进城镇化的建设，同时城镇化的建设也有利于农村剩余劳动力的转移，提高农民收入，缩小城乡差距，实现城乡协调发展，因此，城镇化建设和农村剩余劳动力转移是相辅相成、互相促进的关系。现阶段我国仍然存在大量的农村剩余劳动力，从国外的经验来看，推进城镇化建设是转移这些剩余劳动力的唯一途径，笔者在基于新型城镇化视角下探讨农村剩余劳动力转移的相关问题。……