陈桢禄 刘高 冯玉龙 陈泽鹏 王维

摘要 [目的]确定梅州烟区适宜的移栽方式，解决移栽方式不合理引起的生物量积累少、化学成分协调性及产质量较差等问题。[方法]以云烟87为试验材料，选取梅州平远产区，设置4个不同移栽方式处理，分别在烤烟团棵期、旺长期和成熟期测定农艺性状、干物质积累量和烤后烟叶常规化学成分。 [结果]不同移栽方式对烤烟的生长发育、物质积累、烤后烟叶常规化学成分及产质量的影响显著。井窖式膜下小苗移栽烟株在大田生长发育良好，物质积累较高，烤后各部位烟叶化学成分协调，产质量有明显的提高。[结论]可以考虑在梅州烟区实际烟叶生产中推广应用井窖式小苗膜下移栽。

关键词 烤烟；移栽方式；农艺性状；化学成分；产质量

Effects of Transplanting Method on Growth Development ，Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Meizhou Region

CHEN Zhen-lu1，LIU Gao2，FENG Yu-long3，WANG Wei2* et al （1.Guangdong Provincial Tobacco Monopoly Administration，China National Tobacco Corporation，Guangzhou，Guangdong 510610；2.South China Agricultural University，Guangzhou，Guangdong 510642；3.Dapu County Branch，Guangdong Tobacco Meizhou City Company，Meizhou，Guangdong 514299）

Abstract [Objective] To determine the suitable transplanting methods in Meizhou tobacco-growing areas，the problems such as the accumulation of biomass，the coordination of chemical composition and the poor quality of production were solved.[Method] With Yunyan 87 as the experimental material，the treatment of four transplanting modes in Pingyuan area of Meizhou was selected，the agronomic traits，dry matter accumulation and

common chemical composition were measured in the flue-cured

tobacco leaves.[Result] The effects of different transplanting methods on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco，the accumulation of matter，the conventional chemical composition and quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves were significant.The seedlings under the wellbore membrane seedling grew well in the field，the material accumulation was higher，the chemical composition of the tobacco leaves was coordinated，and the quality of the tobacco leaves was obviously improved.[Conclusion] The transplanting under the cellar seedling can be considered and promoted in the actual tobacco production in Meizhou tobacco area.

Key words Flue-cured tobacco；Transplanting method；Agronomic traits；Chemical composition；Yield and quality

梅州種烟已有近50年的历史，是我国主要清香型烤烟产区之一，梅州具有独特的烟叶生产自然条件，其光照、雨量、年均温、全年平均无霜日等自然条件都适宜烤烟生产[1]。梅州烟区植烟季节前期气温较低，后期高温多雨，移栽方式不适宜则不利于烟株的前期生长及早生快发。虽然烤烟的适应性较强，但其要在适宜气候条件下才能生长，不同的气温、降水量、日照时数等因素都会对烤烟的品质产生影响，尤其会对烘烤后烟叶的化学成分及香气味产生影响，这将直接影响烤烟的品质[2-3]。为了解决烤烟移栽期受低温冷害的影响，目前我国主要采用井窖式移栽和覆膜移栽等措施来保证烤烟生长前期的温湿度。……