SPME/GC—MS法分析不同荔枝品种果实中的香气成分
2017-07-12范妍黄旭明莫伟钦苗兵兵伍文生黎
范妍+黄旭明+莫伟钦+苗兵兵+伍文生+黎炜烽



摘 要 采用 SPME/GC-MS法对3个荔枝品种果实香气成分进行分析鉴定。结果表明,3个荔枝品种共检测出69种芳香物质,其中,烯类47种、醇类6种、醚类4种、酯类3种、苯类3种,烷类1种、酮类1种、其他4种,它们构成3种荔枝主要的香气成分;3个荔枝品种在香气组成和含量上有所差异,岭丰糯、糯米糍、怀枝中分别含有20种、11种、11种特有香气成分;其中,3种荔枝共有的香气成分有13种,分别是β-香叶烯、伞花烯、D-柠檬烯、β-罗勒烯、2-蒈烯、β-香茅醇甲醚、橙花醇甲醚、1-甲氧基-3,7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯、古巴烯、β-榄香烯、石竹烯、α-石竹烯、δ-杜松烯,但其相对含量有所差异。
关键词 荔枝 ;品种 ;香气成分 ;固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用
中图分类号 S667.1 文献标识码 A Doi:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.06.016
Analysis of Aromatic Compounds of Three Litchi Cultivars by
SPME/GC-MS
FAN Yan1) HUANG Xuming2) MO Weiqin1)
MIAO Bingbing1) WU Wensheng1) LI Weifeng1)
(1 Dongguan Agricultural Research Centre, Dongguan, Guangdong 523000;
2 College of Horticulture, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642)
Abstract The aromatic compounds of three litchi cultivars were analyzed by SPME/GC-MS. The results showed that a total of 69 aromatic components including 47 alkenes, 6 alcohols, 4 ethers, 3 esters, 3 Benzene, 1 Alkanes, 1 ketones and 4 other aromatic components were identified as the major aroma compounds of Litchi. The three Litchi cultivars had different aromatic components with different content Litchi cultivars‘Lingfengnuo, ‘Nuomiciand ‘Huaizhiwere identified to contain 20, 11 and 11 specific aromatic components, respectively, and they shared 13 aromatic components: beta myrcene, p-cymene, d-limonene, β-ocimene, 2 carene, beta-Citronellol,methyl ether, nerol, methylether, 1,1-dimethoxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-diene, copaene, (-)-beta-elemene, caryophyllene, α-caryophyllene, δ-cadinene were identified in all the three Litchi cultivars, but their relative contents showed considerable differences.
Keywords Litchi ; cultivars ; aromatic components ; SPME/GC-MS
荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn)屬无患子科植物。中国是荔枝原产国和主产国,具有丰富的荔枝种质资源,有记载的荔枝品种或株系超过了200 个[1]。中国的荔枝占世界荔枝总产量的 80%以上,主要分布在广东、广西、福建、海南、台湾等华南5省[2-3]。荔枝果实营养丰富,风味独特,具有很高的食用和医疗保健价值,历来受到人们的喜爱,香气是构成和影响鲜果及其加工品质量的主要因素[4]。果蔬的风味是由其所含不同芳香物质决定的[5],味感物质(糖、酸等)和嗅感物质(香味物质)构成果实的风味物质或果实风味复合物,其组成及质量分数对果实内在品质有重要影响[6-7]。果实风味因果树品种而千差万别,除了味感引起的差异外,主要是由其嗅感不同的香气形成。只有具有较高香气值(相对含量/香气阈值)的成分对果实的风味品质起主要作用,构成其成熟果实的特征香气[8]。……
