范胜煌+许鲁东++邹丽娜+吴联杯+施晓春+刘丹萍+郑德祥

摘 要：在安溪云中山自然保护区南岭栲天然林群落中设置样地调查，根据Raunkiaer系统基分类标准，对南岭栲天然林群落的植物生活型、叶特征及植物耐荫性进行分析，结果表明南岭栲群落中高位芽植物为主，又以小高位芽植物优势显著，占47.8%；叶级以中型叶植物为主，占59.4%；叶型以单叶为主，占78.3%；厚革质与革质叶植物共占群落的72.5%，纸质叶占24.6%，薄叶为2.6%；全缘植物在群落中稍具优势，占53.6%；群落中耐荫植物占多，但以阳性植物为群落演替的主导。

关键词：南岭栲；生活型；叶特征；耐荫性

中图分类号 S79 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2017）09-0030-03

Abstract：Through the plots investigation in the Castanopsis fordii Hance nature forests in Anxi Yunzhongshan Nature Reserve，the plant life-form and leaf characteristics of 69 plants in Castanopsis fordii Hance community in Yunzhong Mountain in Fujian Province were analyzed according to Raunkiaer system. Phanerophytes occupied a dominant position in the community，microphanerophytes had the highest percentage，whose percentage was 47.8%；The dominant leaf size was mesophyll whose percentage was 59.4%；Simple leaves were dominant in leaf form and the percentage of those was 78.3%；The dominant leaf characters were thick coriaceous and coriaceous leaves（72.5%），followed by papery leaves（24.6%），thin leaves（2.6%）；The leaf edges of 69 plants were investigated and the percentage of entire leaf plants was 53. 6%. The community had the highest proportion of shade-tolerant plants，but the heliophilous plants for the dominant of community succession.

Key words：Castanopsis fordii Hance；Characteristics of plant life-form；Characteristics of leaf；Characteristics of plant shade-tolerance

植物对外界环境条件长期适应后形成特定生理、生态特征的一种反映即生活型，可体现出该群落区域的气候特性，同时也是群落结构特征研究的主要内容之一[1-2]。植物光合效率与叶片密不可分，叶片的形态特征可直接影响到植物的生长效率，亦是群落形态外貌结构的重要组成[3]。南岭栲（Castanopsis fordii Hance）为壳斗科栲属常绿乔木，材质优良，用途广泛，致使毫无节制采伐利用，严重干扰林分生长状况，可用资源面积急剧减少[4]，前人为恢复、重建其生态环境从光合生理特性、水平结构、垂直结构及年龄结构等多方面进行了研究[5-8]，而植物生活型及叶特征作为群落结构特征研究的重要指标[9-10]，却未见有关天然南岭栲群落的相关报道，因此通过分析南岭栲群落生活型及叶片特征，掌握南岭栲群落外貌特征、气候特性，从而为云中山保护区南岭栲群落保护提供合理的参考依据。……