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B细胞刺激因子及其受体在干燥综合征发病机制中的作用进展

2017-03-21程晓静张葵符向辉

中国医药导报 2017年3期

程晓静 张葵 符向辉

[摘要] 干燥综合征(SS)是一种累及唾液腺、泪腺等外分泌腺体的慢性炎症性自身免疫性疾病,好发于中年女性,其炎性反应常表现为受损腺体周围淋巴细胞浸润,除口干、眼干外,临床还表现为其他外分泌腺体及腺体外器官受累的多器官损害症状。目前SS的发病机制并不清楚。B细胞高反应性是SS的一个重要的特点,在患者及动物模型中B细胞高反应性及升高的B细胞刺激因子(BAFF)水平可以由某些免疫细胞中BAFF/BAFF受体(BAFF-R)的表达变化引起。此外,BAFF的过表达促使B细胞增殖是SS相关淋巴细胞增殖的额外风险因素,因此掌握BAFF/BAFF-R在SS发病机制方面的作用,能促进新的治疗策略的产生。

[关键词] 干燥综合征;B细胞刺激因子;B细胞刺激因子受体;贝利单抗

[中图分类号] R593.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2017)01(c)-0047-05

[Abstract] Sjgren syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving exocrine glands such as salivary glands and lacrimal glands. SS predominantly affects mid-aged females. Patients with SS have abnormal immune response with T and B cells activation and subsequent lymphocytic infiltration in target tissues leading to dry eye and dry mouth. Multiple organs may be affected, causing a broad spectrum of extraglandular manifestations. The pathogenesis of SS is unkown. While B cell hyperactivity is a dominant feature of SS patients. The B cell hyperactivity and elevated levels of B-cell activating factor (BAFF) may be induced by the abnormal expression of BAFF/BAFF receptors (BAFF-R) in certain immune cells in the SS patients and in animal models. The overproduction of serum BAFF, which is a known antiapoptotic cytokine driving B-cell autoreactive clonal expansion, may be an additional risk factor for SS-related lymphoproliferation. Therefore, understanding the role of BAFF/BAFF-R in the pathogenesis of SS may contribute to the generation of new therapeutic strategies.

[Key words] Sjgren syndrome; B-cell activating factor; B-cell activating factor receptors; Belimumab

干燥綜合征(sjgren syndrome,SS)是一种慢性器官特异性自身免疫性疾病,发病率为0.1%~0.4%,男女比例为9∶1,通常在40~50岁发病[1],主要引起唾液腺和泪腺组织中淋巴细胞和单核细胞的浸润[2],临床表现主要为眼干、口干等。SS可以分为两类:原发性SS(primary SS,pSS)和继发性SS(secondary SS,sSS),其中pSS不伴其他结缔组织病,sSS伴有其他结缔组织病,如类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)、系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)等。SS患者常有唾液腺和泪腺组织中腺管周围及血管周围的淋巴细胞浸润,且B细胞高反应性是SS的一个重要的特点,主要表现为高丙种球蛋白血症、多种自身抗体的产生及冷球蛋白血症等[1]。

研究表明B细胞刺激因子(B cell activating factor,BAFF)在B淋巴细胞的生长、成熟和动态平衡中起着至关重要的作用[3]。……

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