施满容++龚林光++陆志平

摘 要：目的：探究闽东、三明、泉州3个地区6个县野生金线莲有效成分含量的差异。方法：采用紫外分光光度法对其多糖、氨基酸、黄酮、生物碱含量进行测定。结果：闽东4个县野生金线莲的多糖、总氨基酸、总黄酮、生物碱含量均高于德化金线莲，多糖高14.0%～26.0%，总氨基酸高10.1%～20.4%，总黄酮高14.1%～28.1%，生物碱高3.7%～19.5%，差异显著或极显著；周宁、寿宁野生金线莲的黄酮、生物碱含量也高于永安金线莲，黄酮高6.9%～13.9%，生物碱高2.2%～5.4%，差异显著。结论：闽东野生金线莲有效成分含量较高，具有一定开发和利用优势。本试验研究结果对于进一步开发利用野生金线莲资源，组织培养材料的选择和大量发展金线莲产业具有一定指导意义。

关键词：不同地区；野生金线莲；有效成分；比较

中图分类号 R284.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2016）24-0107-04

The Comparison of Effective Composition Content in Different Localities of Wild Anoectochilus roxburghii

Shi Manrong1 et al.

（1Ningde Vocational and Technical College，Fu'an355000，China）

Abstract：To explore the differences of the effective composition content of wild Anoectochilus roxburghii in the six counties of Mindong，Sanming and Quanzhou in Fujian. The determination of the content of polysaccharide，the total flavonoids，the total amino acids，the total alkaloids of wild Anoectochilus roxburghii was by UV spectrophotometry.Results shows that the content of polysaccharide，flavonoids，amino acids，alkaloids of wild Anoectochilus roxburghii in the four counties of Mindong area is higher than that in Dehua County，the polysaccharide content is higher by 14.0%～26.0%，the total amino acid content is higher by 10.1%～20.4%，the total flavonoids content is higher by 14.1%～28.1%，and the total alkaloid content is higher by 3.7%～19.5%，between which existing significant or extremely remarkable differences；The content of flavonoids and alkaloids of wild Anoectochilus roxburghii in Zhouning and Shouning County is also significantly higher than that in Yong'an County，the total flavonoids content is higher by 6.9%～13.9%，and the alkaloid content is higher by 2.2%～5.4%. On the whole，the active ingredients of wild Anoectochilus roxburghii in Mindong area are higher，showing certain advantages of development and utilization. This test result has certain guiding significance for the further utilization of wild Anoectochilus roxburghii，for the choice of tissue culture materials，and for the massive development of Anoectochilus roxburghii industry.

Key words：Different regions；Wild Anoectochilus roxburghii；Active ingredients；Comparison

金线兰（Anoectochilus roxburghii）俗称金线莲，系兰科开唇兰属多年生草本植物，福建省珍稀濒危保护植物。该属植物在我国有20种，2个变种[1]。由于其对生态环境要求严格，加之近年自然环境遭受严重破坏，以及人工过度采挖，野生金线莲越来越少。有研究表明，金线莲含有多糖、氨基酸、生物碱、黄酮、微量元素、强心苷类、有机酸、甾体化合物等多种成分。金线莲中的微量元素含量、氨基酸总含量以及8种人体必需氨基酸的含量均高于野生和国产西洋参[2-5]。金线莲在民间使用范围较广，全草可入药，可除湿解毒，消炎、止血降压、强心利尿，对急慢性肝炎、急慢性肾炎、肾衰竭、青春痘、大小便出血、心脏无力、高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、癌症、感冒、妇科疾病、风湿性关节炎、毒蛇咬伤、小儿惊风发烧等都有非常明显的疗效。……