朱桂娇+刘清颖

摘 要 目的：探讨心理护理干预对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者负性情绪的影响。方法：将95例COPD患者按入院顺序单双号分为观察组（n=47）和对照组（n=48），两组入院诊断明确后给予积极治疗的同时均给予常规的护理干预，在此基础上，观察组患者增加了心理护理干预，于出院前1 d调查患者的满意度，分别于干预前后采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、总体幸福感量表（GWB）评价患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪和幸福感。结果：观察组患者满意度为97.87 %，幸福感为70.21 %，显著高于对照组的83.33 %和43.75 %（P<0.05）；两组干预后SAS、SDS评分均显著降低（P<0.05）；观察组干预后SAS、SDS评分显著低于对照组干预后（P<0.05）。结论：心理护理干预能够显著改善COPD患者负性情绪，提高患者满意度和幸福感。

关键词 心理护理干预 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 焦虑抑郁 幸福感

中图分类号：R563； R493 文献标识码：C 文章编号：1006-1533（2016）21-0051-03

Effect of psychological nursing intervention on the negative emotions of patients with COPD

ZHU Guijiao， LIU Qingying（Department of Health Care for Cadres， The First Hospital affiliated to Guangdong College of Pharmacy， Guangzhou 510080， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To explore the effect of psychological nursing intervention on the negative emotions of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. Methods： Total 95 cases of COPD patients were divided into an observation group （n=47） and a control group （n=48） based on the odd or even date of their hospitalization order and they were all given positive treatment and conventional nursing intervention after clear diagnosis， while the patients in the observation group were additionally given psychological nursing intervention. Their satisfaction was surveyed one day before they were discharged and their anxiety， depression， mood and happiness before and after intervention were also evaluate by the self-assessment lists of anxiety （SAS）， depression self-rating scale （SDS） and the overall well-being scale （GWB）， respectively. Results： The satisfaction and the happiness rate were significantly higher in the observation group （97.87% and 70.21%） than in the control group （83.33% and 43.75%） （P<0.05）. The SAS and SDS scores in two groups were significantly lower after the intervention （P<0.05） and in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The negative emotions and the satisfaction and happiness of COPD patients can be significantly improved by psychological nursing intervention.

KEY WORDS psychological nursing intervention； chronic obstructive pulmonary disease； anxiety depression； happiness

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是老年人常见的呼吸系统疾病，以持续气流受限为主要特征。COPD发病机制复杂，临床治疗困难，且病程长，易反复发作，严重影响了患者的生活质量[1]。慢性迁延、久治不愈会让患者产生焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪，影响了疾病的康复，降低了患者的幸福感[2]。心理护理干预是指针对患者的心理状态进行的干预措施，通过评估和了解患者的心理变化，并采取放松疗法、宣泄疗法、转移注意力等多种心理护理支持，从而及时疏导和改善患者的负性情绪[3-4]。本研究将心理护理干预应用于COPD患者中，取得了较满意的效果，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 临床资料

选择2015年2月—2016年1月广东药学院附属第一医院干部保健科收治的COPD患者95例，均满足以下入选条件：①符合COPD的诊断标准[5]，且经临床检查、肺功能检查和影像检查等确诊；……