■ 李 干魏东海张臣福曹晓雯古彦珏

广东省民营医院规模经济分析

■ 李 干①魏东海①张臣福①曹晓雯①古彦珏①

民营医院 DEA模型 规模经济

目的：通过对广东省民营医院规模经济的研究，为政府制定政策和社会资本投资医疗行业提供实证参考。方法：从广东省现有的489所民营医院中，选取2007-2014年有连续统计数据的123所医院（其中综合医院82所、专科医院41所），运用数据包络分析法的规模报酬不变的CRS模型和规模报酬可变的VRS模型对其进行分析研究。结果：广东省民营医院存在规模经济，其中综合医院99张病床及以下，其规模报酬递减点为61张；100～350张病床的规模报酬递减报酬点为139张；专科医院150张病床以下，其规模报酬递减点为77张。结论：政府应积极支持社会资本进入医疗行业，要进一步完善民营医院等级评审、医保和税收等相关政策；社会投资者应根据自身经济实力和当地社会经济发展状况，选择开办专科医院或综合医院。

【Key words】private hospital， DEA model， economies scale

【Abstract】Objective: To research economies scale of private hospitals in Guangdong Province and to provide evidence for government decision making and private capital investing healthcare industry. Methods: There were 82 private general hospital and 41 private specialist hospitals were selected who have continuous statistical data from 2007 to 2014. CRS and VRS model was used to analyze the data from private hospitals. Results: The economies scale of private hospitals is existing in Guangdong. The point of diminishing returns to scale of the private general hospitals， 99 beds and below， is 61 and the point of diminishing returns to scale of the private general hospitals 100-350 beds is 139. And the point of diminishing returns to scale of the private specialist hospital， 150 beds and below） is 77. Conclusions: It is considered that government needs to give an active action supporting private capital delivery hospital and further completing the policy of accreditation， medical insurance and tax for private hospitals. The investors is considered to choose delivery general hospital or special hospital according to the social and economic development in local place and their capacities.

Author's address:School of Healthcare Management， Guangzhou Medical University， No.195， Dongfeng West Road， Guangzhou 510182，Guangdong Province， PRC

2 007-2014年，广东省社会资本投资医疗行业呈现上涨趋势，民营医疗机构数量由224所增至489所（增幅123%），床位数由1.8万张增至4.6万张（增幅155%）（图1）。数据显示：上述民营医院的规模，无论是专科医院还是综合医院，其床位规模大多在350张以下，那么多少张床位可达规模效益最佳？无疑是政府和投资者关心的问题。本文试图从医院规模经济的角度对民营综合医院和民营专科医院进行分析。民营医院是社会资本投资医疗行业的一种方式，不同于政府投资的公立医院，其投资的回报主要靠市场运营。……